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Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Circulated EGS Combined with IGCC in New Mexico occurring throughout the industry as the physical solvents are more economical due to efficient separation of acid gases from the solvent (Klara, 2007). Selexol, a physical solvent that is chemically described as Dimethyl ether of polyethylene glycol, has a high selectivity for H2S as well as CO2 which makes it a good candidate for sulfur removal as well as CO2 removal for sequestration (Klara, 2007). Acid gases are absorbed separately at high pressures and low temperatures to increase the absorption of the solvent. The sour gases are then stripped from the catalyst through a series of flash drums and the regenerated catalyst is sent back to the absorber unit for further use (Black, 2010). The CO2 rich stream is sent to a compressor to be transported to the Enhanced Geothermal System (EGS) where it will be utilized as a heat transfer fluid instead of water. The H2S-rich stream is sent to the Claus Plant for sulfur recovery. Elemental sulfur is produced from the H2S gas and can be sold to the chemical industry. To maximize the efficiency through an Integrated Gasification and Combined Cycle (IGCC) plant heat recovery and heat utilization is essential. Parameters of particular interest are the location of sulfur removal and where the water gas shift takes place for the synthesis gas stream. To minimize loss in efficiency, the IGCC units were set up to ensure a periodic decrease in temperature. By not reheating gas streams for particular processes such as Acid Gas Removal, more heat was recoverable and not lost during the operation of the plant. 4.4.2 Water Gas Shift The basic water gas shift (WGS) reaction is an equilibrium reaction that converts carbon monoxide and water in the form of steam to hydrogen and carbon dioxide (Platon, 2009). 4.7 Since the WGS reaction is an equilibrium reaction, L‘Chatlier‘s Principle applies meaning that if more reactant is added into the system, the system will drive itself to the products (Klara, 2007). Thus to promote a high production of hydrogen, a 2:1 molar ratio of H2O to CO is maintained throughout the fixed bed reactors by adding in steam (Black, 2010). There are two stages/shifts for the WGS reaction, a high temperature shift to convert the bulk of the CO and a low temperature shift to convert the remaining CO and minimize the CO slip through the system (Grol, 2009). Various catalysts could be used to aid in the conversion process, but a Co/Mo catalyst is utilized in this case due to its resistance to sulfur because the acidic gases have not yet been removed from the raw synthesis gas stream (Klara, 2007). The Co/Mo catalyst also serves to hydrolyze COS to H2S thus eliminating the need for a separate COS hydrolysis reactor (Black, 2010). The WGS reaction occurs in two stages that are maintained two temperatures. The high temperature shift (224°C) serves to convert the bulk of the CO to CO2 (Black, 2010). The WGS reaction is exothermic at a rate 41 kJ/mol and the extra heat is removed and sent to the Heat Recovery Steam Generation (HRSG) (Klara, 2007). The low temperature shift (204°C) Penn State University | 4.4 Gas Cleaning Unit 68PDF Image | GREAT NECK WATER POLLUTION CONTROL DISTRICT NASSAU COUNTY, NEW YORK MICROTURBINE INSTALLATION FEASIBILITY STUDY
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