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Another form of reference information pertinent to the application of refrigeration systems and refrigerants is standards, which are usually a description of procedures or technical requirements that should enable individuals or companies to achieve equivalence in the activity under consideration. For example, following refrigeration safety standards should ensure that two separate refrigerating systems achieve an equivalent level of safety, and following performance standards should ensure that two separate organizations would measure the same performance of the same system. Furthermore, they are intended to help practitioners avoid problems, errors and pitfalls that they may otherwise encounter if they did not follow the guidance of the standards. Standards are published by a variety of different organizations. At a country level, national standardization bodies publish national standards (although in many cases these may be based on other countries’ standards or international standards). European standardization bodies publish a European standard, which are typically adopted by national standardization bodies within European countries. Internationally, there are two main organizations which publish international standards. The numbers of national, European and International standards that apply to the RAC sector are vast, and the reader should seek out the most relevant ones when and where necessary. Here, a small selection of such standards is listed to provide an indication of what may be relevant to this subject area: EN 378: 2008 – Refrigeration systems and heat pumps, safety and environmental requirements; This is comprised of four parts • Part 1: basic requirements, classification and selection criteria • Part 2: design, construction, testing, marking and documentation • Part 3: Installation site and personal protection • Part 4: Operation, maintenance, repair and recovery EN 13313: 2008 – Refrigeration systems and heat pumps, Competence of personnel; this addresses the level of competence that is necessary for engineers and technicians to carry out different activities ISO 817: 2005 – Refrigerants – designation and system classification; this covers the R-numbering system for refrigerants and the means for their safety classification ISO 5149: 1993 – Mechanical refrigerating systems used for cooling and heating – Safety requirements; this current version is rather dates, but it is currently under revision and is similar to EN 378 ISO 916: 1968 – Testing of refrigerating systems; this covers the determination of the technical performance of a refrigerating system (but not the functional duty of a complete installation or the performance of its individual components) 11 IntroductionPDF Image | Manual for Refrigeration Servicing Technicians
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