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Manual for Refrigeration Servicing Technicians

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Manual for Refrigeration Servicing Technicians ( manual-refrigeration-servicing-technicians )

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1 The ozone layer to life as oxygen itself. Ozone forms a fragile shield, curiously insubstantial but remarkably effective. The distribution of ozone in the atmosphere is illustrated in Figure 1.1. As the sun’s radiation approaches the planet’s surface it can be scattered, reflected, or absorbed, intercepted and re-emitted. This is where the ozone layer comes into its own by scattering and reflecting harmful high energy ultraviolet radiation. Variations in temperature and pressure divide the Earth’s atmosphere into layers and the mixing of gases between the layers happens very slowly. 30 That is why this 90% of the ozone stays in the upper atmosphere. This stratospheric ozone contains 90% of all ozone gas on the Earth but it is spread thinly and unevenly. Life on earth has been safeguarded because of a protective layer in the atmosphere. This layer, composed of ozone, acts as a shield to protect the earth against the harmful ultraviolet radiation from the sun. Ozone is a form of oxygen with three atoms (O3) instead of two (O2). Through natural atmospheric processes, ozone molecules are created and destroyed continuously. Ultraviolet radiation from the sun breaks up oxygen molecules into atoms which then 0 combine with other oxygen molecules to form ozone. Ozone is not a stable gas and is particularly vulnerable to destruction by natural compounds containing hydrogen, nitrogen and chlorine. Near the earth’s surface (the troposphere) ozone is an increasingly troublesome pollutant, a constituent of photochemical smog and acid rain. But safely up in the stratosphere, 11 to 48 km above the earth’s surface, the blue, pungent-smelling gas is as important STRATOSPHERIC OZONE OZONE LAYER OZONE INCREASES FROM POLLUTION TROPOSPHERIC OZONE 35 20 25 15 20 15 10 5 Distribution of ozone in atmosphere. 10 05 OZONE CONCENTRATION 17 Environmental Impact ALTITUDE (KILOMETERS) ALTITUDE (MILES)

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