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2 Environmental parameters Whenever a gas is released into the environment it has some impact. The most important impacts related to refrigerants are ozone depletion and global warming. Cost and availability The cost (or retail price) of refrigerants varies widely, with HCFCs tending to be cheaper, and HFC blends more expensive. Similarly, the most widely used HCFCs (for example, R22) and the most common HFCs (e.g. R134a) tend to be most widely available. Hydrocarbon (HC) refrigerants tend to be less widely available, and ammonia is normally sourced from specialist suppliers. In reality, many of these parameters will already have been addressed, for example, by refrigerant retailers, and through the availability of components. Whilst there are several hundred refrigerants currently available, this catalogue of products will have been filtered down to a more manageable selection. Most refrigerant retailers will stock around 20 different refrigerants, whilst manufacturers of components (compressors, valves, heat exchangers, etc) often limit their range to five to 10 refrigerants, particularly for non-industrial applications. Often the predominant selection criteria tend to be: the choice of operating pressures, safety characteristics and whether the refrigerant has a high or low GWP. In terms of selection for equipment servicing, the selection depends upon whether the refrigerant currently in use is restricted or not. If it is not restricted, then the same refrigerant as indicated on the nameplate on the equipment should be chosen. If the named refrigerant is restricted (i.e. due to it being unavailable because of regulations), then a similar set of considerations need to be applied as detailed above. The following section outlines the types of refrigerants that are available. They are discussed in detail in Chapter 1 4 38 RefrigerantsPDF Image | Manual for Refrigeration Servicing Technicians
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