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4 RE 4 5 ETRIC CHAR Charging System charging is adding the proper quantity of refrigerant to refrigeration system so that it operates as intended. For a given set of conditions (design conditions) systems have an “optimum” charge – this is the mass of refrigerant that the highest efficiency and design cooling capacity (or heating capacity, in the case of a GING Some systems can handle a wider variation of charge size, in particular, those with liquid receivers. Direct expansion systems with small condensers and capillary tube expansion devices tend to be very sensitive to refrigerant mass and are said to be “critically charged”. This figure illustrates the sensitivity of a critically charged system, where a small variation in charge size can greatly reduce the equipment efficiency: heat pump) will be achieved. At off-design conditions, for example, at a higher or lower ambient temperatures, the optimum charge will be different. However, it is best to add the specified charge since this is what the system has been designed to handle. These methods include: Volumetric charging by graduated cylinder 4 Mass charging by balance 4 Charging to sight glass 4 Charging according to system performance 4 Electronic charging machines 4 Vapour Refrigerant Charging 4 Liquid refrigerant charging 4 84 63 42 21 00 0,1 0,2 0,3 0,4 0,5 REFRIGERANT CHARGE (kg) Example of how refrigerant charge affects performance Qe COP In all cases, the system data-plate should contain useful information such as the design refrigerant charge size. 102 There are several ways to charge systems, and the most appropriate depends upon the local conditions, the quantity and other factors such as the type of system. T M COOLING CAPACITY Qe (kW) SYSTEM COP (-) Servicing PracticesPDF Image | Manual for Refrigeration Servicing Technicians
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