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Summary This section addresses the approach and working procedures for changing refrigerants within an existing system. It provides guidelines for the use of drop-in refrigerants as well as for retrofitting of both stationary and mobile systems. It includes a range of procedures specific to certain types of common systems. Upon completion, the technician should be able to: • Introduce the proper use of drop-in refrigerants • Identify the procedures for retrofitting chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) and hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC) based systems • Introduce the procedures for mobile vehicle air conditioning (MVAC) systems • Discuss the main aspects involved in retrofitting domestic refrigerators and MVACs 5 5.1. General retrofitting guidelines Getting started In general, the retrofit of an equipment or installation means to substitute older parts for new or modernised ones in order to improve the performance. In RAC recently, retrofit has come to mean the procedure of replacing ozone depleting substances (ODS), or hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) refrigerants in existing plants with zero ozone depleting potential (ODP) or zero GWP refrigerants. Retrofitting usually requires modifications such as a change of lubricant, replacement of expansion device or compressor. If the conversion does not require such major modifications, the alternate refrigerant is called a drop-in replacement, or retro-fill process. Retrofitting from an ODS-using system to an ozone-friendly refrigerant requires a thorough investigation and study of the system. Some factors must be taken into account: • Retrofit the system if it is more cost-effective than replacement. If a major repair (e.g. compressor change, etc.) or modification of an ODS using system is necessary it shall be evaluated if retrofit can be done at acceptable cost. • Properly working and leak-free systems are not recommended for retrofit, at least until there is a need to open the refrigeration system for repair. Properly operating systems can continue operating for many years without causing harm to the ozone layer. For older systems that are prone to faults, failures and leaks, it may be more cost-effective to replace the system rather than retrofit. In addition, new equipment will be more energy efficient. RetrofittingPDF Image | Manual for Refrigeration Servicing Technicians
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