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5 7 - If the refrigerant to be added to the system is incompatible with the existing oil (typically a mineral oil) then it must be removed (otherwise, this stage can be ignored). Drain and recover the existing mineral oil charge, measure the quantity and compare with the recommended oil charge to determine the quantity of oil left in the system. A major problem with retrofits is removing the residual mineral oil. This is important because enough mineral oil is not removed, it can deposit on the evaporator heat exchanger surfaces, severely degrading performance. Since many small hermetic compressors do not have oil drains, removal of the compressor from the system may be necessary for draining the lubricant. The best point in the system to drain the lubricant is the suction line of the compressor. Small hand-operated pumps are available which permit insertion of a tube into the compressor access port for removal of the mineral oil without removing the compressor from the system. Remember that most of the mineral oil must be removed from the system before adding the replacement lubricant. 8 - Replace all equipment components and accessories that will be affected by the new alternative refrigerant and the refrigerant oil suitable for the new alternative refrigerant e.g. expansion valve, gaskets, filter drier, etc., as recommended by the manufacturer. Most CFC or HCFC systems with expansion valves will operate satisfactorily, however, it may be necessary to adjust the superheat. If the system uses a capillary tube, it will need to be replaced with one of greater or lesser restriction in order to achieve satisfactory performance over the complete range of design conditions. It is recommended that the technician consults with the equipment manufacturer before replacing the capillary tube. 9 - Charge the system with new and correct amount of alternative refrigerant oil as recommended by compressor/system manufacturer. 10 - Reinstall the compressor following the standard service practices recommended by the manufacturer. If an oil pump was used to remove the oil, reseal the access port. 11 - Run the system while performing the oil change procedure as many times as necessary until the mineral oil in the system does not exceed the recommended 5% acceptable level. Test kits are available from several lubricant suppliers that check for residual mineral oil content. Generally, it will require about three charges to get the mineral oil content down to the acceptable level. 12 - Leak test the system with oxygen-free dry nitrogen and observe a 24-hour standing pressure. Make corrections if deemed necessary. 13 - Evacuate system to at least 1000 microns (1 mbar, 29.87 in Hg) using an appropriate vacuum pump and an electronic vacuum gauge. Use normal service practices to reconnect and evacuate the system, to remove air and other non-condensable contaminants. 14 - Charge the system with the appropriate amount of alternative refrigerant. This can normally be approximated by using the ratio of liquid densities at the condensing temperature. When charging the system with alternative refrigerant, use the same charging 114 RetrofittingPDF Image | Manual for Refrigeration Servicing Technicians
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