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5 Practical cases of retrofitting – discussion and procedures There are a series of specific examples for you to choose from: Domestic refrigerator retrofit CFC-based domestic refrigerators and small capacity commercial refrigeration appliances can be retrofitted with a hydrocarbon blend (a mixture of propane and isobutane), other commercially available drop-in blends and R134a. For the hydrocarbon blend retrofitting, there are typically no changes that need to be done to the refrigeration system. However, it is essential that the electrical components associated with the appliance are checked to determine whether or not they are potential sources of ignition; if they are they must be replaced with non-sparking equivalent components, sealed or positioned in an air-tight enclosure. Such electrical components include relays, thermostat, door switches and possibly bulb-holders. Safety is the most important consideration while retrofitting with HC blends. For retrofitting with R134a, major components like the compressor, capillary, and filter dryer might need to be changed. These will make the cost of retrofit very high and uneconomical. Thus retrofitting with R134a is normally not recommended. Retrofitting with HC blend or other drop-in blend could achieve a similar reliability and energy performance as the original equipment. Retrofitting MVAC systems MVAC can be retrofitted with R134a, the only accepted refrigerant by car manufacturers worldwide. However, due to compatibility issues, the lubricant oil, O-rings, filter dryers and dual pressure switches may also need to be replaced. The essential point is to get the system flushed and cleaned and to be made fully leak-tight. This may be termed as simple or economic retrofit. In this case there will be slight loss in cooling capacity. Recently, a more simplified retrofit approach has been adopted: just adding lubricant (PAG) and charging the system with R134a (80% of R12 charge) is believed to be compatible for MVAC retrofitting by some experts in the MVAC sector. Most car manufacturers have also developed specific retrofitting kits and procedures for their various models. The OEM retrofit procedure will provide the greatest assurance of comparable performance of retrofitted to the original MVAC. But in most cases, the cost may be relatively high. For the retrofitted MVAC with R134a, the cooling capacity and energy efficiency would be slightly reduced depending on the various factors, but nevertheless, such energy penalty is acceptable. There is no reported increased failure rate of the retrofitted R134a MVAC compared with the original produced one. However, due to the higher R134a operating pressure, a reduction of cooling performance may occur during city traffic operation. MVACs are also retrofitted (drop-in mode) with HC blend in some states of Australia, USA and Canada. Although, in general, car manufacturers do not condone this option 118 RetrofittingPDF Image | Manual for Refrigeration Servicing Technicians
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