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Manual for Refrigeration Servicing Technicians

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Manual for Refrigeration Servicing Technicians ( manual-refrigeration-servicing-technicians )

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6 Limits (PEL), and the European Union employs two different values: Indicative Occupational Exposure Limit Values (IOELV) and Binding Occupational Exposure Limit Values (BOELV), depending upon the circumstances. In general, it is important to check whether the products one intends to work with can be safely used in all of their considered applications and handled in accordance with manufacturer information. Whilst the toxicity of most refrigerants is low, the possibility of injury or death exists in unusual situations or if they are deliberately misused. Exposure to refrigerant concentrations above the recommended exposure levels can result in loss of concentration, drowsiness, cardiac arrhythmia, and other symptoms, that can all lead to fatality. The allowable exposure levels for some of the alternative refrigerants are lower than those of the chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). As mentioned before, skin should be protected; many fluorinated refrigerants and ammonia can irritate the skin and eyes. Inhalation of concentrated refrigerant vapour is dangerous and can be fatal. If inhaled, the victim should be moved to an area with fresh air. If they are not breathing, they should be given artificial respiration, and if breathing is difficult, give oxygen. It is important to avoid stimulants, and do not give them adrenaline (epinephrine) because this can complicate possible effects on the heart. Medical help must be sought urgently. Flammability and degradation products A number of refrigerants are flammable under atmospheric conditions. Flammability means that if ignited with a flame or spark, they can sustain combustion. All hydrocarbon refrigerants are flammable, as are some hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) refrigerants. The refrigerants table in section 2 identifies those refrigerants which are flammable. The refrigerant supplier will also provide information relating to a refrigerants’ flammability. Refrigerants table in Chapter 2 4 Depending upon the characteristics of a particular substance, the consequences of ignition can be severe, and therefore it is essential to take the appropriate precautions whenever designing, constructing or working on a system that uses flammable refrigerants. Whilst many CFC, hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) and HFC refrigerants are not flammable under normal conditions, they can become flammable when under pressure and mixed with air and/or oil. Because of this potential, the refrigerants should never be mixed with air in tanks or supply lines, or allowed to accumulate in storage tanks, and sources of ignition should also be avoided. Even if the conditions are such that CFC, HCFC and HFC refrigerants are non-flammable, these substances will decompose at high temperatures such as those associated with gas flames or electric heaters. 126 Safe Refrigerant Handling

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