Manual for Refrigeration Servicing Technicians

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Manual for Refrigeration Servicing Technicians ( manual-refrigeration-servicing-technicians )

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Glossary Absolute pressure The actual pressure, where a true vacuum is the zero value, and so atmospheric pressure is approximately 1.013 bar. Accumulator A vessel capable of holding liquid refrigerant and permanently connected between the exit of the evaporator and suction of the compressor. Air-conditioning It is the process of controlling temperature, humidity, composition, and distribution of air for the purpose of human comfort or for special technical need of a industrial process (pharmaceutical, textile, etc.) or other application. Article 2 countries Parties to the Montreal Protocol that do not operate under Article 5. “Article 2 countries” refer to developed countries. Article 5 countries Developing country Parties to the Montreal Protocol whose annual per capita consumption and production of ozone depleting substances (ODS) is less than 0.3 kg to comply with the control measures of the Protocol, are referred to as Article 5 countries. Currently, 147 of the 196 Parties to the Montreal Protocol meet these criteria. Article 5 countries are eligible to receive technical and financial assistance from the Multilateral Fund Secretariat, as per Article 10 of the Protocol. Atmospheric lifetime A measure of the average time that a molecule remains intact once released into the atmosphere. Atmospheric pressure Also known as barometric pressure. It is the pressure exerted by the atmosphere above the surface of the Earth. Standard sea level pressure is a unit of pressure and, by definition, equals 1 atmosphere (atm) or 101.35 kPa. Azeotrope A blend consisting of one or more refrigerants of different volatilities that does not appreciably change in composition or temperature as it evaporates (boils) or condenses (liquefies) under constant pressure. Refrigerant blends assigned an R5xx series number designation by ISO 817 are azeotropes. Banks The total amount of substances contained in existing equipment, chemical stockpiles, foams and other products not yet released to the atmosphere. Blends (mixtures) A mixture of two or more pure fluids. Blends are used to achieve properties that fit many refrigeration purposes. For example, a mixture of a high pressure and a low pressure substance mixed in order to match the pressure of another substance. Blends can be divided into two categories: azeotropic, and zeotropic blends. Boiling point The temperature of a liquid at the point it starts to vaporize (see NBP). Brazed joint A joint obtained by the joining of metal parts with alloys which melt at temperatures in general higher than 450°C but less than the melting temperatures of the joined parts Bubble point Liquid saturation temperature of a refrigerant at the specified pressure; the temperature at which a liquid refrigerant first begins to boil. Cascade system Two or more independent refrigeration circuits where the condenser of one system rejects heat directly to the evaporator of another. Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) Halocarbons containing only chlorine, fluorine and carbon atoms. CFCs are both ozone depleting substances and greenhouse gases. Climate change Climate change refers to a statistically significant variation in either the mean state of the climate or in its variability, persisting for an extended period (typically decades or longer). Climate change may be due to natural internal processes or 143 Glossary

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