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external forcing, or to persistent anthropogenic changes in the composition of the atmosphere or in land use. Note that Article 1 of the Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) defines ‘climate change’ as ‘a change of climate which is attributed directly or indirectly to human activity that alters the composition of the global atmosphere and which is in addition to natural climate variability, observed over comparable time periods’. The UNFCCC thus makes a distinction between ‘climate change’ attributable to human activities altering the atmospheric composition, and ‘climate variability’ attributable to natural causes. Coefficient of Performance (COP) Controlled substance Under the Montreal Protocol, any ozone depleting substance that is subject to control measures, such as a phase-out requirement. Destruction Destruction of ozone depleting substances or their mixtures by approved destruction plants. Dew point Vapour saturation temperature of a refrigerant at the specified pressure; the temperature at which a vapour refrigerant first begins to condense. Disposal Conveying a product to another party, usually for destruction. Drop-in replacement The procedure for replacing CFC refrigerants with non-CFC refrigerants in existing refrigerating, air-conditioning and heat pump plants without doing any plant modifications. However, drop-in procedures are normally referred to as retrofitting because plants need minor modifications, such as the change of lubricant, and the replacement of the expansion device and the desiccant material. Emissions The release of gases or aerosols into the atmosphere over a specified area and period of time. Evaporator A heat exchanger in which liquid refrigerant is vaporized by absorbing heat from the substance to be cooled. Expansion device A device, such as an expansion valve, expansion orifice, turbine or capillary tube, that is used to control the mass flow of a refrigerant from the high- pressure side to the low-pressure side of a refrigeration system. Fluorocarbons Halocarbons containing fluorine atoms, including chlorofluorocarbons, hydrochlorofluorocarbons, hydrofluorocarbons and perfluorocarbons. 144 A measure of the energy efficiency of a refrigerating system. The ratio of useful effect (heat) to the work supplied. The useful effect is the cooling rate in the case of RAC systems, and it is the heating rate in the case of heat pumps. The COP is primarily dependant on the working cycle and the temperature levels (evaporating/ condensing temperature) as well as on the properties of the refrigerant, system design and size. Coil A part of the refrigerating system constructed from bent or straight pipes or tubes suitably connected and serving as a heat exchanger (evaporator or condenser). Competence The ability to perform satisfactorily the activities within an occupation. Compressor A device for mechanically increasing the pressure of a refrigerant vapour. Condenser A heat exchanger in which vaporised refrigerant is liquefied by removal of heat Condensing unit A combination of one or more compressors, condensers, liquid receivers (when required) and the regularly furnished accessories. Containment The application of service techniques or special equipment designed to preclude or reduce loss of refrigerant from equipment during installation, operation, service or disposal of refrigeration and air-conditioning equipment. GlossaryPDF Image | Manual for Refrigeration Servicing Technicians
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