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industrialized developing countries, such as India, China, Brazil, Mexico, Argentina and many others. The industrial applications for waste heat recovery have proven advantages: • Provide fuel-free electricity, no additional energy resource is required • No gaseous or liquid emissions and no solid residue • Short and simple implementation • Low cost, baseload, reliable capacity • No new siting is required, power units are installed at an existing industrial site • Reduces peak load demand from the grid Lessons from ORMAT’s Experience in Implementing Waste Heat Recovery Power Generation Projects As mentioned earlier, ORMAT has completed numerous waste heat utilization projects (see, for example, Case Study No. 1 summarizing ORMAT's first waste heat recovery system for the cement industry at the Heidelberger Zement AG Plant in Lengfurt, Germany). The main obstacles that have prevented/limited successful industry/power producer cooperation are due to the wide differences in which the two parties view on-site generation. (a) Power generation is not the primary business of the industry The industry considers on site generation a nuisance; it has long-term contracts for the purchase of electricity with the local utility and does not feel the need to alter this practice. The development budgets are directed to production-enhancing activities. Electric power is merely an overhead expense issue. (b) The industry is in the process of continuous adaptation The modernization of industry makes it difficult for the plant owner to commit to the required amount of heat source for power generation for a period of at least 10 years (the minimum production period of the power producing facility). (c) The reluctance of the industry “to host” non-integral processes in its backyard There are several issues to be solved. The industrial host is often concerned that the boundaries between the power generation and industrial processes overlap. In so doing this may present a risk (real or imaginary) to the process that the host may not wish to accept. Industry requires a clear commitment that the power plant process not intervene in the industrial production process. (d) Ambiguity in responsibility for the energy domain at different industrial plants The power producer often has to cope with the divergent agenda of the industrial company’s management. The business of energy may create conflicting interests between the General Manager, Energy Department Manager, Maintenance Manager or Business Development Manager. Sometimes these conflicts are so severe they scuttle even those projects that are obvious winners.PDF Image | Organisations in Different Renewables
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