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2001 European Wind Energy Conference and Exhibition EWEA Bella Center, Copenhagen, Denmark, 2-6 July 2001 LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT FOR WIND TURBINES Henriette Hassing1 Søren Varming Tech-wise A/S, Kraftværksvej 53, DK-7000 Fredericia, Phone: +45 7923 3056, fax: +45 7556 4477, e-mail: hha@techwise.dk ABSTRACT: Tech-wise A/S has conducted a life cycle assessment of a 2 MW offshore wind turbine. A life cycle assessment (LCA), also known as a cradle to grave analysis, is an inventory of all environmental impact of a product, process or service within its complete lifecycle. An LCA includes a recovery of the resources used in the production through the utilisation to the dismantling and disposal of the product. As sample wind turbine a 2 MW offshore wind turbine placed at Horns Rev in the North Sea has been used, since this project is under development and Tech-wise A/S is the main consultant to this project. In this LCA assumptions have been made where there is information about certain materials. The assessment revealed - as expected - that the environmental impact is concentrated in the production and disposal phase. Mainly the use of normal and high-strength steel are contributors. This means that the main impact is found to come from the nacelle and the foundation. Keywords: Environmental Aspects, Off-shore, Materials, Life Cycle Assessment, EDIP- method The results of this LCA will be used to identify the most essential environmental impact in all life phases of a 2 MW offshore wind turbine. This project is the first step in an examination of the possible improvement of the environmental performance of that particular wind turbine and was finalised in spring 2001. The plan is to finalise the next project by the end of 2001. 1. METHOD As basis for the LCA the Danish EDIP computer tool is used based on the EDIP method (EDIP stands for Environmental Design of Industrial Products. In Danish it is called UMIP). The development of the EDIP method has been supported by the Danish Environmental Protection Agency. Using that method it is ensured that the LCA follows ISO 14040. The EDIP tool includes a comprehensive database covering materials, semi-manufactured components and working processes, but the aim is to identify processes and materials that need further description to achieve a more correct assessment. Data from the environmental management system of Vestas Wind Systems A/S and data from subcontractors are utilised for the LCA. 2. BACKGROUND In 2000 Tech-wise A/S concluded an LCA project of the Danish heat and electricity production in 1997, which was conducted in collaboration with other partners from the energy sector. In that project the wind turbines where represented by an average 600 kW land-based wind turbine. The conclusions from that project were that wind turbines are amongst the most 1 All correspondencePDF Image | Organisations in Different Renewables
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