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5.4. Economical aspects In calculation of economic justification of use of CHP, the costs of thermal energy production for heating are separately computed from costs of electricity production. Investment costs for both CHP technologies are taken from [7]. It is assumed that using of CHP requires thermo oil boiler, which are rare in drying technology, leading to a situation where this boilers must be replaced. Figure 10: Profitability related to production of electric energy Case Gross electricity generation Annual income from electricity1 Residu e consum ption Fuel costs2 Other costs Total costs Profit ORC 650 I II III Stirling70 I II III MWh/a €/a 3,900 526,500 591 79,801 1,423 192,126 1,558 210,298 420 57,120 521 70,856 560 (1,252) 76,160 560 (1,373) 76,160 tonn/a 945 187 €/a €/a €/a €/a 37,791 436,199 473,990 52,510 5,728 436,199 441,927 -362,126 13,790 436,199 449,989 -257,864 15,095 436,199 451,294 -240,995 7,480 60,656 68,136 -11,016 9,279 60,656 69,935 921 9,973 60,656 70,629 5,531 9,973 60,656 70,629 5,531 143 345 377 232 249 249 1 Electricity price is 0.136 €/kWh for production kW 2 Fuel price is 40 €/t attro. 3 see Figure 5 [7]. <500kW, and 0.136 €/kWh fro production of 650 Figure 10 shows that the implementation of CHP with capacity app 700 kWel in sawmills in Serbia does not pay off. Main reason for this is small capacity of sawmills. CHP can provide positive income only if it is connected to system for heating supply of sawmills processing more than 36,000 m3 per year. On the other hand, facilities under 100 kWel may be used because they have enough amounts of wood residues and demands for thermal energy. It needs to be point out that it is necessary for Stirling 70 to work at least 7,000 hours in order to make profit. 6 Conclusion Sawmills in Serbia have at their disposal surplus of wood residues left after fulfill demands for thermal energy for process heating, such as drying, steaming, heating facilities, etc. This surplus depends on the percentage of wood dried, which type of wood is processed and which technology is used. Prices of wood as a fuel is still much lower than those in EU. Wood fuels in Austria cost between 0.020 and 0.025 €/kWh, and in Serbia that price is 0.012 €/kWh. The situation regarding use of renewable energy is getting better in Serbia. The potential producers of energy are granted favorable feed in tariffs, similar to those in EU. 1625PDF Image | POSSIBLE APPLICATION OF CHP IN THE WOOD INDUSTRY IN SERBIA
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