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Data on imports and exports of wind energy technologies indicate that European firms dominate the wind equipment sector, and likely the service sector as well, in most major markets. The largest global exporters of wind energy equipment are also likely to be the largest suppliers of wind energy services; indeed, service provision is often written into contracts for equipment sales. Germany, Denmark, and Spain collectively accounted for over 75 percent of equipment exports in 2012 (the United States accounted for 6 percent), and the three countries’ wind services providers are active in many markets around the world. An exception is China, whose market is dominated by Chinese equipment and service providers. The largest global importers of renewable energy technologies are also likely to be the largest consumers of renewable energy services. For instance, the United States is the largest importer of wind-powered generating sets, reflecting the growth in U.S. installed wind capacity and implying corresponding growth in wind services supplied by domestic and foreign firms alike. Investment Global investment in renewable energy projects rose by 71 percent from 2007 to 2012, with Europe, China, and the United States attracting the majority of funds. Data on global and U.S. investment specific to renewable energy services are unavailable. However, global investment in renewable energy overall stood at a record $244 billion in 2012, up 71 percent compared with 2007, although down 12 percent from 2011 levels (figures ES.3 and ES.4). These figures broadly reflect investment associated with the development of renewable energy projects and the installation of renewable energy generating capacity. Because renewable energy services are needed to develop these projects, investment in renewable energy overall serves as a useful proxy for trends and investment in renewable energy services. FIGURE ES.3 Global renewable energy investment by sector, 2007–12 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 2007 2008 2009 Source: Bloomberg New Energy Finance database. Geothermal Small hydro Biofuels Biomass Wind Solar Billion $ Note: While included in the overall global renewable energy investment figures, the total investment data for marine energy installations are too small relative to the other technologies represented here to appear in the figure. xix 2010 2011 2012PDF Image | Renewable Energy and Related Services: Recent Developments
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