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FIGURE 2.7 Global renewable energy investment by sector, 2007–12 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 2007 2008 Source: Bloomberg New EnergyFinance database. Geothermal Small hydro Biofuels Biomass Wind Solar Billion $ 2009 2010 2011 2012 Note:Whileincludedinthe overall globalrenewableenergyinvestmentfigures,thetotal investmentdatafor marine energyinstallations are too small relative to the other technologies represented here to appear in the figure. Despite increasing by almost two-thirds between 2007 and 2011, global investment in wind power tapered off and declined to $78 billion in 2012, 13 percent lower than in 2011. Factors contributing to the recent decline include overcapacity in global turbine manufacturing, resulting in lower turbine prices and reduced output; uncertainty in Europe over policy measures to support renewable energy; and slower growth in wind installations in China due, in part, to inadequate grid connections.63 Global investment in renewable energy grew in most regions of the world between 2007 and 2012 (figure 2.8), due in large part to government policies supporting renewable energy as outlined in the previous section.64 Although Europe is the largest regional market for renewable energy investment ($79.9 billion in 2012), China surpassed the United States in 2009 to become the largest single-country market for such investment ($66.6 billion in China compared to $36 billion in the United States in 2012). Indeed, China’s investment in renewable energy more than quadrupled between 2007 and 2012, and grew by 22 percent between 2011 and 2012, reflecting continued growth in installed capacity to generate renewable energy. Despite a lack of adequate grid connections, China added nearly 20 GW of wind-energy capacity in 2011, up from 17 GW in 2010. Moreover, 2.2 GW of solar PV capacity was commissioned in 2011, and solar thermal electricity generation continues to grow as well.65 Although not as large, investment in renewable energy in India increased by almost two-thirds between 2010 and 2011, due in part to a national program to develop 20 GW of solar power capacity by 2022.66 63 Ibid., 12, 23, 26, 33–34. 64 Investment data cited by the REN-21 is from FS and UNEP and the BNEF database. The BNEF database is frequently updated and revised with new investment data, and as a result, more recent investment data collected by Commission staff in figure 2.7 may differ slightly from those shown in figure 2.8. In addition, Commission staff is unable to collect data on new investment for the same regions as those reported by REN-21 and FS and UNEP due to subscription limitations on BNEF’s database. 65 FS and UNEP, Global Trends in Renewable Energy Investment 2012, 2012, 12, 26, 23. 66 Ibid., 24. 2-18PDF Image | Renewable Energy and Related Services: Recent Developments
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