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BELECTRIC, Spain-based Gestamp, and U.S.-based SunEdison are active in the market, typically entering through a joint venture or a partnership with a local firm, in part because local firms have a better understanding of Japanese practices, laws, and language.162 Japan has a large domestic EPC industry, so these services are mostly provided by local companies.163 A range of firm types currently provide O&M or are entering the market to provide these services, such as equipment providers and joint ventures between foreign project developers and Japanese firms.164 Latin America Latin American markets are small at present, but substantial growth is taking place across many countries in the region, driven by factors such as declining PV equipment prices, rising electricity demand, the increasing cost competiveness of PV-generated electricity, excellent solar resources in many locations, and government policies. 165 While cumulative installed capacity was only about 91 MW at the end of 2012, the European Photovoltaic Industry Association (EPIA) forecasts substantial growth in the region.166 Despite this potential growth, barriers to further PV deployment in the region—such as difficulties financing projects, a lack of sufficient policy support in some countries, and insufficient grid infrastructure—remain.167 The earliest entrants to project development in Latin America were mostly non-U.S. firms, though only a small number of projects were installed through the end of 2012.168 However, U.S. project developers are increasing their presence in Latin America, and have initially been most active in Chile, where rising demand, excellent solar resources (especially in the Atacama Desert in northern Chile), and the cost competitiveness of PV- generated electricity make solar energy attractive. Among the U.S. firms active in developing projects in this market are AES, First Solar, and SunEdison. Some U.S. firms also plan to provide EPC and O&M services.169 U.S. project developers are also looking at other markets across the region, including Brazil, Central America, Mexico, and Peru.170 Peru had the most installations in Latin America through the first quarter of 2013, with 84 MW completed in the fourth quarter of 2012 and the first quarter of 2013 combined, but up to this point large-scale project development in the Peru market has been done by Spanish firms. Mexico has a small distributed PV market, and a number of utility projects have been announced, but as in 162 Watanabe, “Toshiba, SunEdison,” April 19, 2013; Solar Frontier, “Solar Frontier and Yano Industry,” March 21, 2013; juwi Shizen website, http://ww.juwi-shizenenergy.com (accessed June 2, 2013); Gestamp, “Gestamp Solar and Kankyo-Keiei,” October 4, 2012. 163 Industry representative, telephone interview by USITC staff, May 28, 2013. 164 Industry representative, telephone interview by USITC staff, May 28, 2013; industry representatives, interviews by USITC staff, Tokyo, May 10, 2013, and May 14, 2013; Gestamp, “Gestamp Solar and Kankyo- Keiei,” October 4, 2012; juwi Shizen website, http://ww.juwi-shizenenergy.com (accessed June 10, 2013); Kyocera, “KYOCERA Establishes,” July 31, 2012. 165 SolarPlaza, “Mexico More Attractive,” February 18, 2013; Krulewitz, “Si Se Puede!” January 24, 2013; Sunsong, “Latin America,” January 2, 2013; Sheppard, “Latin America,” January 21, 2013; industry representatives, interviews by USITC staff, Santiago, Chile, May 13, 2013, May 14, 2013, and May 15, 2013. 166 EPIA, Global Outlook for Photovoltaics until 2016, May 2012, 67. 167 SolarPlaza, “Mexico More Attractive,” February 18, 2013; Krulewitz, “Si Se Puede!,” January 24, 2013; Sunsong, “Latin America” January 2, 2013; Sheppard, “Latin America,” January 21, 2013. 168 BNEF database (accessed May 29, 2013). 169 Industry representatives, interviews by USITC staff, Santiago, May 13, 2013, May 14, 2013, and May 15, 2013; First Solar, “First Solar Acquires,” January 9, 2013; MEMC, “SunEdison and CAP Sign Agreement,” January 31, 2013; Sciaudone, “AES Gener,” November 26, 2012. 170 Industry representatives, interviews by USITC staff, Santiago, May 13, 2013 and May 15, 2013. 3-30PDF Image | Renewable Energy and Related Services: Recent Developments
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