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manufacturers; others may contract for O&M services with another manufacturer or an independent service provider. Leading manufacturers of hydropower turbines in the United States and globally, all of which provide O&M services, include General Electric, Siemens, Weir American Hydro, Voith, Andritz, and Alstom.31 One firm which specializes in contract O&M work is NAES, headquartered in Issaquah, WA. It is an affiliate of Itochu Corporation (Japan).32 U.S. Industry Trends The U.S. hydropower industry is mature, with few sites left for building new large-scale dams, and significant opposition to doing so.33 Nonetheless, the federal government plans to significantly increase U.S. hydropower production by upgrading existing facilities, adding power-generating capacity to dams that currently have none, and developing small hydropower facilities.34 In one example of a project that uses existing facilities to produce new power, U.S.-based American Municipal Power Ohio is building four new hydroelectric power plants along the Ohio River at existing dams and locks in West Virginia, Indiana, Kentucky and Ohio. Germany-based Voith will supply generators, turbines, and automation systems from its plant in York, Pennsylvania, generating 313 MW of renewable energy without adding environmental impact.35 Another potential area of growth is the emerging technology of marine and hydrokinetic power (box 5.2). Two leading service sectors related to hydropower project development are engineering design and construction services for new power plants. Table 5.4 presents the top five leading U.S. firms in each of the latter categories in 2012, and the firm’s hydropower- related revenue for those activities. Global Market for Hydropower-related Services Market Size Hydropower provided 16 percent (about 3,500 TWh) of the world’s electricity in 2010. It supplied more electricity than nuclear power did (12 percent) and much more than wind, solar, geothermal, and other renewable sources combined (4 percent), but much less than fossil fuel plants (67 percent). China is the world’s leading generator of hydroelectricity, followed by Brazil and Canada (table 5.5). The 10 countries listed in the table produce 70 percent of the world’s hydroelectricity.36 Hydropower added 25 GW of new power generation capacity in 2011, bringing the global total to 970 GW.37 Hydropower facilities tend to be long-lived—some existing projects were commissioned as early as the 1870s. 31 Company websites; industry representative, interview with USITC staff, Washington, DC, March 14, 2013. 32 Industry representative, interview with USITC staff, Washington, DC, March 14, 2013. 33 Deonta Smith, “Hydroelectric Power in the U.S.,” July 2012, 12. 34 The U.S. Department of Energy, Department of Interior, and Army Corps of Engineers signed a memorandum of understanding for hydropower in March 2010, with a focus on increasing generation from federal hydropower facilities and reducing environmental impacts. IEA, 2012 Hydropower Technology Roadmap, 22. 35 Voith Website, http://voith.com/en/markets-industries/industries/hydro-power/large-hydro- plants/main-4354_m_special_ohio_river-4354.html (accessed June 14, 2013). 36 IEA, 2012 Hydropower Technology Roadmap, 2012, 9. 37 REN21, Renewables 2012, 2012, 97. 5-9PDF Image | Renewable Energy and Related Services: Recent Developments
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