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TABLE 5.5 Top 10 global hydropower producers in 2010 Hydroelectricity Hydropower share of production country’s electricity (TWh) generation (%) 694 14.8 403 80.2 376 62.0 328 7.6 165 15.7 132 13.1 122 95.3 85 7.8 84 68.0 67 42.2 Source: IEA, Hydropower Technology Roadmap 2012, 2012, 10, and calculations Country share of global hydropower production (%) 20 12 11 9 5 4 3 2 2 2 by the Commission. Country China Brazil Canada United States Russia India Norway Japan Venezuela Sweden Note: Data includes all hydropower, not just small hydro. These numbers do not include electricity imports such as those from Paraguay’s side of the Itaipu hydropower plant to Brazil, which represent almost half of that hydropower plant’s generation (36 TWh). Although the primary focus of this chapter is small hydropower, projects rated at capacities of less than 50 MW account for only a small share of all hydropower generation capacity (figure 5.2). Moreover, large hydropower projects are on the rise, as they often deliver the greatest returns in terms of power generation, especially in countries like China and Brazil where energy demand is rising faster than new capacity can be installed (box 5.3). There were at least 2,600 small hydropower projects in operation (commissioned) globally at the end of 2012, with a total capacity of just over 29,400 MW, equal to less than 3 percent of all global hydropower capacity.38 The average project size for reported small hydropower projects was 12.8 MW, but individual projects varied in size from 0.1 MW up to the cutoff of 50 MW.39 Figure 5.3 shows newly commissioned small hydropower projects on an annual basis beginning in 2007. 38 BNEF compiles data on small hydropower (capacity less than or equal to 50 MW) on a project-by- project basis. These calculations are based on BNEF estimates of 24.8 GW of small hydropower capacity and IEA estimates of 1,067 GW of total hydropower capacity, both for 2011. The actual small hydro share may be higher, as the BNEF database likely does not include all small hydropower projects in operation around the world. IEA, 2012 Hydropower Roadmap, 2012, 18. 39 BNEF database, accessed March 6, 2013. Data reported by BNEF for the United States show a significantly smaller number of projects than does data from FERC, which is likely to be more much more complete. However, FERC provides only U.S. data. We report the BNEF data here to allow cross-country comparisons of small hydro projects. 5-11PDF Image | Renewable Energy and Related Services: Recent Developments
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