PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 051
Figure 17 Annual collector yield of heat from glazed flat plate and evacuated tube collectors and from unglazed systems in operation at the end of 2005 by economic region.2 PJ / year 100 80 60 40 20 0 Solar cooling Glazed flat plate & evacuated tube Unglazed China + Taiwan Others Europe Japan United States + Canada Australia + New Zealand Data on solar-assisted cooling systems (SAC) are hard to find but the total capacity is likely to be very small. Currently Europe has at least 40 systems in service for air conditioning of buildings (25 of them in Germany) with a combined collector area of approximately 17 000 m2 and total capacity of 4.4 MWth. (REN21, 2007). Other assessments claim around 120-150 systems are operational in Europe with capacity over 12 MWth and collector area 36 000 m2 giving 3 m2/kW of cooling capacity mainly used 49 in buildings but some by industry such as for wine cooling (Piria, 2007; Henning, 2007). Other regions are also showing a growing interest in the promising application of SAC that is also attracting increasing interest from private customers, hotel owners and industry (Sarasin Bank, 2005). Significant market growth is expected once the costs are further reduced as a result of continued RD &D investment. Biomass The variety of biomass resources are widely distributed so much of the data on heat applications is very uncertain. Estimates of solid biomass used for the production of heat (excluding traditional biomass) range from 5 to 10 times the amount of the total heat produced from both solar and geothermal sources (REN 21, 2006). Total biomass resources used for heat, including liquid and gaseous forms, may reach far higher levels (Figure 18) (IPCC, 2007). This useful indication of biomass resource flows and bioenergy outputs shows around 35 EJ/yr of traditional biomass resources are consumed annually and a further 9.7 EJ/yr is used for “modern” bioenergy applications (IPCC, 2007). Of this around 3 EJ is thought to be used in the building and industry sectors for heat production, including the heat component from combined heat and power (CHP) and that used for the drying of agricultural and forest products. Biomass heating is mainly used in countries with a good resource availability and particularly where district heating systems are already utilised, mainly in Sweden, Austria, Finland, Denmark and Norway (Figure 19). Biomass used in individual buildings for water heating and space heating is not included in these figures since the data is difficult to obtain and typically not covered in national statistics. It is therefore very difficult to estimate the total value of biomass used for heating with more accuracy than is given above.PDF Image | RENEWABLES FOR HEATING AND COOLING
PDF Search Title:
RENEWABLES FOR HEATING AND COOLINGOriginal File Name Searched:
renewable_heating_cooling_final_web.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com (Standard Web Page)