PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 053
Geothermal In Turkey, New Zealand, Iceland, France and elsewhere that deep geothermal resources are available, the heat, other than for electricity generation, is used mainly for large scale applications such as pulp and paper plants and district heating schemes. Elsewhere, where only shallow sources are available, as for example in Sweden, Switzerland, Germany, Denmark and Norway, there is a growing trend towards the use of small scale GHPs. The US has considerable deep geothermal resources but also a high capacity of GHPs installed. In 2005, geothermal energy was used to generate 56.8 GWh of electricity with an installed capacity of 8.9 GWe in 24 countries worldwide. However, three times as many countries (72) reported direct use of geothermal energy for heat applications, with a total installed capacity of over 28 GWth (Figure 20). These installations produced over 273 PJ/y of useful thermal energy (Figure 21) (Lund et al., 2005). The installed heat capacity grew by almost a factor of 2 between 2000 and 2005, with energy use increasing by 43%. Around 70% of the source of heat was from shallow geothermal systems with the remainder derived from deep geothermal sources. World leaders in geothermal direct heat use in 2005 were China, Sweden, US, Turkey, Iceland and Japan, with utilization ranging from 45 PJ/y (China) to 10 PJ/y (Japan) with corresponding installed capacities of 3.7 GWth to 0.8 GWth respectively. Though the world geothermal installed heat capacity (28GWth) is around one third that of the total installed solar thermal capacity, the heat energy yields are similar due to the typically higher load factors. Each MW of solar thermal capacity provides around 0.5-0.7 GWh/y of heat depending on location whereas each MW of geothermal capacity produces about 2.5 GWh/y, giving a load factor over 4 times higher. Figure 20 Installed geothermal heat capacity by country Installed capacity MW (thermal) 10 000 1 000 100 10 1 Source: GIA, 2006. Direct applications of geothermal energy are diverse with around 32% of the energy (88 PJ) provided by heat pumps for space heating, 30% (83 PJ) used for bathing and swimming and 20% (55 PJ) for direct space heating (Figure 22). This total of 226 PJ/yr (GIA, 2006) does not tally closely with the 273 PJ/yr quoted above (Lund et al., 2005), since several types of heating applications were excluded but also exemplifying the difficulty of obtaining accurate heat data. 51 United States Sweden China Iceland Turkey Japan Hungary Italy Norway Switzerland Germany Canada Brazil Austria Denmark Russia New Zealand France Finland Netherlands Georgia Czech Rep. India Slovak Rep. Poland Mexico Jordan Algeria Argentina Romania Croatia Bulgaria Australia Serbia Israel Greece Belgium Macadonia Slovenia Vietnam Portugal Iran Tunisia Spain Lithuania Ireland Rep. of Korea Columbia Ukraine UK KenyaPDF Image | RENEWABLES FOR HEATING AND COOLING
PDF Search Title:
RENEWABLES FOR HEATING AND COOLINGOriginal File Name Searched:
renewable_heating_cooling_final_web.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
| CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com | RSS | AMP |