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Energy source Photovoltaic Solar thermal Gas turbine Spark Ignition ICE Nuclear Steam turbine Wind turbine Compression Ignition ICE Fuel cell Combined GT-ST Hydroelectrical It is without saying that power generation efficiency important, to quantify engine excellence. The generic goal of maximum power at minimum cost, should include the cost of design (e.g. new technologies), cost of manufacture (e.g. new materials), cost of implementation (e.g. size and weight), cost of operation (e.g. specific fuel consumption, but also pollutant emissions and noise level), cost of maintenance (reliability), and even the cost for disposal. TYPE OF PROBLEMS Besides housekeeping problems of how to deduce one particular equation from others the types of problems in this chapter are: 1. Solve Otto, Diesel and mix cycles. 2. Solve gas turbine cycles (Brayton): simple, regenerative, combined, cogeneration. 3. Solve steam turbine cycles (Rankine): simple, regenerative, combined, cogeneration. 4. Solve propulsion-power problems. Working fluid properties are usually approximated with the perfect substance model (PSM)), i.e. the perfect gas model for gases and vapour, the perfect liquid model for liquids, and Clapeyron's equation (or better Antoine's correlation) to liquid-vapour equilibrium. Of course, PSM cannot be used close to the critical point of the working fluid, where detailed data is used (from dedicated charts, or numerical codes). Isentropic efficiencies in turbo-machinery, and temperature jumps in heat exchangers, are the most common modification introduced to ideal cycles. Back to Index Typical efficiency [%] 10 15 30 30 33 33 40 40 45 50 85 Typical range [%] 5..15 10..25 15..38 25..35 32..35 25..39 30..50 35..49 40..70 45..60 70..90 is not the only criterion, neither the mostPDF Image | THERMAL MACHINES AND HEAT ENGINES
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IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
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