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Table 1: Common Solar Technologies ^ d , h ^ d W W W W ' Implementation of Solar Energy in Developing Countries 2 Implementation of Solar Energy in Developing Countries There are three basic natural sources 1) tidal energy, originated by the movement and gravitation of planets 2) geothermal energy, heat stored and released by the earth and 3) solar radiation, energy radiated by the sun (Kaltschmitt, Streicher & Wiese 2007). Of those three, the most important renewable energy source is solar radiation. Coal, crude oil and natural gas are all transformation products of biomass, whereas biomass is a direct or indirect product of natural photosynthesis – a transformation of sun light into a biological usable energy form (Michel 2008). Approximately 1000 kilowatt hours (kWh) reach on each square meter of earth surface per year, this equates to an energy amount of 100 liter of oil. The biggest part of solar radiation is heating the oceans, huge amounts of water vaporize, high and low pressure areas develop and dissolve, which creates wind currents, and ocean streams and river systems are moved. Together with the daily freshly produced biomass of the photosynthesis, this creates enormous natural energy storage (Simon 2008). Solar energy can be used passively by converting solar radiation into heat by using the building envelope as absorber and the building structure as heat storage. This utilization is therefore often referred to as passive solar architecture (Kaltschmitt, Streicher & Wiese 2007). It is important to be considered especially in terms of shading, but due to the architectural background, this aspect will not be included in this paper. Harnessing active solar energy is done by using technical devices. Rather low-tech forms are for example solar water disinfection (SODIS) or solar distillation, solar cookers and solar dryers. More technological applications are listed in Table 1. D Source: Kaltschmitt, Streicher, Wiese 2007 8PDF Image | CARIBBEAN RENEWABLE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME
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