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4.3.5 Photovoltaic Technology As a reliable back-up power source as the ones found in 70 existing hurricane shelters, in 1999 a school hall in a remote village on west coast was equipped with 400 Wp by the Sustainable Development Science and Technology Office and with the financial support of the UN Trust Fund on New and Renewable Sources of Energy. Three other storm shelters received photovoltaic systems in the past with Italian assistance. Under the current act, grid-connected photovoltaic electricity generation is only allowed for self- supply and as long no excess electricity is fed into the pubic grid. There is no obligation for the utility and in case of grid-connection of renewable energies, a sub-license by LUCELEC is needed and a specific purchase agreement has to be negotiated (Loy & Farrell 2005). In the beginning of 2009, LUCELEC and Solar St. Lucia Limited signed off formally on an agreement about a pilot project in grid-tied small PV systems installed on residential premises. System sizes ranges between 1-10 kW and are limited to 10 locations around the islands. The main aim of this pilot project is to gain knowledge about photovoltaic systems on the grid, including safety, power quality, protection, interconnection and metering (CARILEC 2009). So far only 3 small pilot projects were installed at the National Trust, the Castries Market and a school in Vieux Fort (LUCELEC AR 2010). Another installation is on a private property, the St. Benedict Convent. It is also renting accommodations, thinking about getting a photovoltaic system to reduce their costs. The awaited National Energy Policy also foresees regulating and simplifying the installation of small photovoltaic systems for self supply up to 10 kW by suggesting an approval, but no license obligations. For commercial entities, co-generation plants with a maximum capacity of 500 kW will be allowed after approval by LUCELEC, but the maximum capacity shall not exceed 30% of the of the capacity needed to supply the average electricity consumption based on the past three years of that single entity. Furthermore, net-metering rules will be determined and published by an independent regulatory commission to determine a specific rate to be paid by LUCELEC in cases where system electricity production exceeds customer‘s consumption. To monitor and evaluate the economic and technical effects, the initial phase will run for 4 years and the installed capacity for self-supply from co-generation will be capped at 3 MW electrical capacity (Ministry of Physical Development and the Environment 2010). Case Studies 53PDF Image | CARIBBEAN RENEWABLE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME
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