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Comment [LU2]: I have a survey on wood stoves in Sitka. I’ll send it to you. Two important considerations 1) wood is a heating that is often used by low income households because of the opportunity to scrouge for wood and 2) a big concern is inefficient stoves and air pollution ENERGY USE & GENERATION Historically, energy use in Sitka has focused around abundant natural resources of both wood and water. The first hydroelectric generating facility was constructed in 1913 producing electricity for the local sawmill and the city of Sitka. Since then the city has capitalized on its natural resources generating hydroelectricity and using the wood supply from the Tongass National Forest for a local heating supply. Although the population has remained relatively constant over the past decades, Sitka has seen a steady increase in energy use during that same time period. This growth in energy use has caused a premature peaking of the forecasted projections. (City of Sitka, 2008) In addition, strict environmental regulation and logging bans in the Tongass, due to past exploitation from unsustainable logging practices, has put limitations on harvesting local timber. This political environment has forced Sitka to look outside the city for unsustainable fuel and energy sources. Energy Options: Utility‐Scale Generation The city of Sitka currently has an electrical capacity of approximately 34.6 MW. This capacity is comprised of two hydroelectric facilities (Blue Lake and Green Lake) and the Jarvis Diesel Generating Station. The Hydroelectric combined base load generation is capable of generating 122,000 MWh annually, which was determined to have reached its maximum capacity in 2009. This is based on nameplate capacities and the average usable water available in both reservoirs. Blue Lake Hydroelectric Facility: This 6 MW facility on Sawmill Creek went into operation in 1961. The Blue Lake reservoir provides with the city of Sitka with the most potential water storage capacity of the two lakes. The city of Sitka recently requested a $12.5 million matching grant from the State of Alaska to increase the dam height and building a new facility and adding a third turbine and generator, which would increase generating capacity to 18 MW. They are currently in the preliminary engineering and licensing phase of the expansion. Green Lake Hydroelectric Facility: This 18.6 MW hydroelectric facility went into operation in 1979 and provides the majority of electric capacity for the city of Sitka and surrounding areas. This generating capacity is limited by the Green Lake reservoir, which is smaller than Blue Lake. This facility is unmanned and is controlled through the Blue Lake facility control center. Jarvis Street Diesel Generators: The diesel back‐up system incorporates four diesel generators that have a capacity of approximately 12.5 MW. This facility is a peak load generating plant and is used when hydro capacity has been maximized or during routine maintenance. The city is looking at adding up to 3 more additional 2.5 MW diesel generators to keep up with the forecasted load until the Blue Lake project is complete and functional. Energy Options: Residential Fuel Oil # 2/ Diesel: Most homes in Sitka have installed an oil furnace or oil stove for their heating option. A good majority of the residents have converted to an electric option or have a dual system capacity due to uncertain variable fuel oil cost patterns that have occurred in the recent past saving them up to 35% on heating costs. (Sitka Rain Power Project, 2010) Diesel is also used to power small generators for limited and short‐term electrical capacity. Wood Stove: There are only a few homes in Sitka that use wood stoves for heating or cooking. They were more popular when logging was prevalent and the mill was operating.PDF Image | COMPREHENSIVE RENEWABLE ENERGY FEASIBILITY STUDY Sitka
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