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From right to left: Clean Chips; Cordwood; Hogfuel; Industrial Waste: Saw Dust; Wood Pellets. Biomass Fuel Sources: Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) MSW usually consists primarily of paper‐based or urban wood residue. A variety of wood‐based waste found in both municipal and commercial waste (Badger‐Oak Hill Research Labs, 1996) Urban wood residues includes: MSW, old wood pallets, construction & demolition materials, shipping and packaging materials, and yard and lawn clippings (Badger‐Oak Hill Research Labs, 1996). MSW in Southeast Alaska is currently being handled in multiple different ways from uncontroled open dumping, open burning, composting, permitted land filling, recycling and baling and shipping solid waste to the lower‐48. In 2008, the city of Sitka produced over 9,100 tons of MSW, 5.05 tons per person. Sitka’s MSW management includes a recycling program that is voluntary. Approximately 675 tons of the MSW was recycled in 2008, excluding metals. (Recycling: Table 3) This waste was shipped down to a recycling center in Washington and purchased at market rate prices. There is a potential of 650 tons of the recycled waste (cardboard, mixed paper, and newspaper) to be used as some sort of biomass energy or thermal production. This would help reduce the cities barge transportation needs to Washington. The non‐recycled MSW left over, 8,433 tons, was bailed and shipped over 1,100 miles down to Bellingham, WA to their regional landfill (graphic to the right). The cost to the city for this shipping service is $108 per ton, which leads to an annual cost of $916,840. This service cost the local citizens and flat monthly fee of $25 for a 32‐gallon container to $170 for a 350‐gallon container that are picked up once a week. There are also external costs that for administrative and other cost which are absorbed by the taxpayer. In general, 45% of MSW is composed of paper, cardboard, and wood that has the potential to be used as fuel in biomass systems (Graph 3). This adds up to a potential of 3,795 tons of MSW, that the city would not need to ship to Washington.(Table 4) It would also potentially save the city $405,521 in disposal shipping costs after the market value is accounted for. (market table) There would be additional costs for Graph 3: Material Composition of MunicipalPDF Image | COMPREHENSIVE RENEWABLE ENERGY FEASIBILITY STUDY Sitka
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