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by‐products. Some major concerns include accessibility and location, quality (moisture & ash content), systems capacity factor, fuel oil input and environmental issues. Accessibility/ location: The closer the fuels is to the biomass facility the less fossil fuel impact and possibly less handling necessary. The closer the fuel to the site and what is the primary function for the wood extraction. It’s hard to make biomass fuel cost‐effective if its sole purpose is for fuel instead of a by‐product of logging or some process (pulp, furniture, or lumber). Quality: biomass is one of the most diverse renewable fuels sources. The quality of the fuel source can vary in range or moisture, ash content and burning characteristics. Quality fuel, such as cordwood with lower moisture content, can cost over $200 a cord (1 cord = 1.2 tons) (table Parrent). In contrast, a less expensive fuel at $80 per ton, but higher moisture content fuel can increase handling and preparation costs along with lowing the potential burning efficiency of the fuel. Capacity Factor: Due to the percent of the load the biomass facility is designed for with additional fossil fuel needed to fulfill the required heat not provided by wood. Fuel Oil: How much fuel oil will be needed for unmet capacity and general operations of the biomass facility. Increased costs help increase the financial feasibility of a biomass facility. Externalities: Cumulative Effects Noise: nominal facility noise from normal operations Solid Waste: non‐wood waste brought to the facility, wood waste which isn’t processed and sludge from scrubbers and ash Air Emissions: Dust is created from moving and processing biomass fuel which can be extremely harmful to human health and Volatile organic compounds are carcinogens created during the drying and released during the burning process Water Pollution: Run‐off pollution occurring with stored wood and falls under storm management Fire: Stored biomass fuels can ignite when stored though a combination of moisture and the outside environment. It is best to limit storage time and use a first in/ first out fuel policy. Aesthetics: have negative community perceptions from the building design to the processing equipment in the area. (www.bioenergy.ornl.gov, 2008) Funding Database for State Incentives for Energy and Incentives (DSIRE) A general overview of state and federal funding and financing opportunities currently available for biomass energy options. For more information follow the link: www.dsireusa.org Regulation & Authorities Alaska Wood Energy ConferencePDF Image | COMPREHENSIVE RENEWABLE ENERGY FEASIBILITY STUDY Sitka
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