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energy by 2015 and specified an initiative of 1,000 MW of CSP as a critical component. In support of the 1000-MW component, the CSP program provides technical support to the southwestern states and to the WGA to support analysis of CSP technologies and to coordinate ongoing CSP-related activities in each state. This support includes participating on state and WGA task forces, conducting economic and systems analyses to help the states and WGA understand the impacts of the projects on their economy, and helping to locate the best sites for solar power plants. 3.2.8 CSP Technical Tasks The tasks for developing CSP trough and dish technology over the 5-year period of this plan are discussed. Parabolic Trough Technology Tasks Solar Field (Tier-1 TIO) To achieve long-term goals, the cost of the solar collector technology must be reduced by about 40%, from about $260/m2 to $160/m2, and the annual solar field efficiency must increase from 42% to 52%. At the same time, the peak operating temperature must be increased from 390°C (734°F) to 450°C (842°F), which will raise the power-cycle efficiency from 37.5% to 39.6%. The increased operating temperature will require a more advanced thermal receiver. The key to reducing solar field costs is to reduce the cost of the structure, mirrors, and receivers. In the longer term, costs can be further reduced through technology advances. For mirrors, this is accomplished by moving from heavy glass mirror reflectors to lightweight front-surface reflectors that include surface coatings to reduce soiling. Advanced-receiver cost reduction focuses on improving the reliability of the glass-to-metal seal and developing a lower-cost, higher-performing selective coating. Maintaining the coating absorptance at 0.96 while reducing the emittance from 0.13 to 0.09 (near term) to 0.07 (long term) will drive most of the projected improvement in receiver thermal efficiency from 72.1% to 83.9%. Advanced concentrator designs that use integrated structural reflectors are expected to allow the cost of the structure and reflectors to be significantly reduced. Receiver (Tier-2 TIO) • Develop technology to maintain receiver vacuum and removal of hydrogen. • Develop improved solar selective coatings with lower thermal emittance and high solar absorptance. • Develop receiver technologies that reduce cost, or improve overall collector performance. • Develop improved receiver testing and characterization capabilities. Concentrator (Tier-2 TIO) • Optimize near-term concentrator designs through cost-shared R&D with industry. • Develop advanced concentrator concepts and designs to reduce the cost of next-generation collectors. • Develop improved concentrator testing and characterization capabilities. Reflector/Facet (Tier-2 TIO) • Develop advanced solar reflectors with improved solar reflectance and lower cost. • Develop glass anti-soiling coatings for mirrors to reduce mirror-washing requirements. • Encourage development of U.S. mirror supply. • Develop accelerated reflector testing and characterization capabilities to qualify new and existing solar reflectors. Balance of Solar Field (Tier-2 TIO) • Develop improved collector interconnection (replacement for flexhose). • Develop improved low-cost drives for new larger collectors. 71PDF Image | Concentrating Solar Power
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