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Concentrating Solar Power

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Concentrating Solar Power ( concentrating-solar-power )

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• By 2011, complete code approval of cold-climate SWHs; field-test combined solar heating and cooling system prototypes. • By 2012, SWHs become standard in many building developments. Integrated roof/hot water/heating/cooling systems are in widespread use, and solar energy for process heat is expanding. Hybrid Solar Lighting The HSL project has the following goal: to save the nation more than 100 million kWh/yr in avoided fossil-based generation for illumination and air conditioning, while also improving lighting quality in commercial buildings. Through commercialization efforts with industry partners, more than 5000 HSL systems will be installed by 2011 in U.S. regions where solar availability and electricity rates make this technology cost-effective to consumers. The most likely first market for this technology is commercial buildings having mixed fluorescent and incandescent lighting, which is common in retail applications. An installed system cost of $4000 has been identified as the necessary goal so that customers in this market achieve a net savings. 3.3.4 SHL Approach Solar Water Heating The main research pathways in solar heating address reducing material costs while maintaining energy performance, combined with innovations that can extend the geographic range of lower-cost materials into areas that experience freezing temperatures. Replacing copper and glass with polymers reduces material costs and weight, which can reduce installation costs, as well. Polymers are also potentially easier to manufacture. Manufacturability, durability, and reliability are key issues addressed in multi-year planning, and they are linked directly to the budget request for solar heating and lighting. To develop lower-cost solar heating systems, the SHL Subprogram works with university and industry partners in a Stage Gate process of R&D phases: 1. Concept Generation / Exploratory Research—Identify general system configurations that could conceivably reach the project’s cost goal. 2. Concept Development / Prototype Test—Develop detailed designs for promising concepts and construct and evaluate prototypes. 3. Advanced Development / Field Test—Develop second-generation prototypes and conduct limited field testing and evaluation. 4. Engineering / Manufacturing Development—Construct third-generation units and evaluate “near-final” systems in “real-world” applications. At the end of each phase, progress is evaluated, compared to strategic goals and performance targets, and a go/no-go decision is made regarding moving on to the next phase. Hybrid Solar Lighting The HSL project will continue developing and demonstrating HSL technology as a high-quality, natural lighting source that can help reduce operating costs for commercial buildings in terms of illumination and air-conditioning loads. In parallel, the commercial market potential will be evaluated through a third-party market assessment. The first target market will be large retailers located in the Sunbelt region of the United States that use some level of halogen lighting and are planning to lease newly constructed commercial spaces. HSL offers three quantifiable benefits to users: energy savings for lighting, energy savings for cooling, and less frequent replacement of conventional light bulbs. Early adopters of HSL may also value less quantifiable benefits of natural lighting such as improved employee productivity, increased sales, less absenteeism, and better employee wellness; such benefits are also likely to be strong 83

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