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Cost-Effectiveness of Distributed Generation Technologies SGIP metered data also provide information on the actual amount of useful waste heat recovery that has been observed within the SGIP for different DG technologies. However, like the annual capacity factor, waste heat utilization was modified to account for a minimum system efficiency prescribed by the CPUC. The waste heat utilization factors employed in the model were derived by setting the overall efficiency of the system to 60% and determining the amount of waste heat used based on the observed electrical efficiency.3 Based on this approach and the boiler efficiency, the SGIPce model determines the amount of gas use that is offset from waste heat captured from the CHP system. The evaluation team used the non-core gas commercial rates to monetize this benefit in the PCT. The wholesale gas forecast is based on the 2009 market price referent (MPR) and is from the E3 gas avoided cost workbook developed for DG program evaluation. These rates are provided below in Table 3-3. For the TRC and STRC, the gas- saving benefits were valued using the commodity value of the E3 gas avoided cost model. Table 3-3: Non-Core Gas Rates Over Time 2010-394 (Nominal $/Therm) Gas Price $5.47 $6.13 $6.55 $6.83 $7.12 $7.41 $7.70 $8.00 $8.30 $8.55 Gas Price $8.77 $9.00 $9.08 $9.16 $9.30 $9.78 $10.29 $10.72 $11.12 $11.50 GasPrice $11.94 $12.31 $12.72 $13.13 $13.54 $13.95 $14.36 $14.78 $15.20 $15.62 Avoided gas and electrical bill savings for the CHP facility were derived by DG technology based on the above electrical efficiencies, waste heat utilization, and capacity factors. For each technology an annual estimate of gas savings (i.e., therms) and avoided electricity utility purchases (i.e., kWh) was derived and multiplied by the prevailing non-core gas rate or appropriate electrical rate based on the utility-specific location of the CHP facility. The gas rates used in the model are shown above in Table 3-3. Two electric rates for each utility are available in the SGIPce model. The model uses 8,760 hours per year of electricity production and the electricity rate to calculate a production-weighted average yearly cost of electricity. Year 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Year 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 Year 2030 2031 2032 2033 2034 2035 2036 2037 2038 2039 3 1200 kW electric-only fuel cell, there is no utilized waste heat. 4 Gas forecast from 2010 to 2040 based on 2009 Market Price Referent (MPR) update. http://www.cpuc.ca.gov/PUC/energy/Renewables/mpr.htm. The forecast is in nominal dollars and assumes a 2% inflation rate. The approach and resulting waste heat utilization factors are described in Appendix A. Note that for the Itron, Inc. 3-5 Critical Inputs and AssumptionsPDF Image | Cost-Effectiveness of Distributed Generation Technologies
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