Cost-Effectiveness of Distributed Generation Technologies

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Cost-Effectiveness of Distributed Generation Technologies ( cost-effectiveness-distributed-generation-technologies )

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Cost-Effectiveness of Distributed Generation Technologies A.2 Fuel Cells A.2.1 Technology Summary Fuel cells are electrochemical devices that generate electricity by means of a chemical oxidation/reduction reaction. Figure A-6: Basic Fuel Cell Schematic Source: Fuel Cell Handbook 6th Edition The operation of most hydrogen fuel cells is represented in Figure A-6. Hydrogen (or a hydrogen-carrying fuel) is continuously fed at the anode while an oxygen carrier (typically air) is continuously supplied at the cathode. With the help of a catalyst, a chemical reaction takes place that generates an electron charge and transfers a hydrogen ion across the electrolyte. Each individual fuel cell generates a small voltage. Consequently, multiple cells need to be connected with a bipolar plate and combined into a ―stack‖ to produce the desired power output. There are several types of fuel cells in production today and can be broken down by the type of electrolyte material. Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) fuel cells operate at low temperatures (60-80 oC) and provide low-to-medium power output. The combination of low temperature and low power production generally makes them impractical for CHP operations. However, they can respond to Itron, Inc. Appendix A-13 DG Technologies

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