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Cost-Effectiveness of Distributed Generation Technologies Costs Reflected in SGIP Installed costs of fuel cells deployed under the SGIP are provided in Table A-5. On average, the installed capital costs, at approximately $7,830/kW for natural gas-powered fuel cells and $7,710/kW for biogas-powered fuel cells, compares well with the capital cost of $7,500/kW shown for non-residential PAFC in Table A-10. Conclusions on Capital Costs The most current capital costs were collected and averaged to generate the starting point for the fuel cell cost-effectiveness model. These costs should reflect total initial installed costs to the consumer before any rebates are applied. The residential cost based on ClearEdge‘s price is $14,200/kW. The average non-residential cost is $6,009/kW.15 The installed cost of a non- residential electrical only stack is $9,000/kW. A.2.5 Technology Operating and Maintenance (O&M) Costs Like other DG technologies, fuel cells have on-going O&M costs associated with maintenance, repair, consumption of chemicals, electricity for operation, etc. We contacted various fuel cell manufacturers to obtain estimates of on-going O&M costs. The O&M costs shown in Table A-11 are based on manufacturer service plans that cover all the maintenance costs for the fuel cell.16 The costs are levelized by the expected annual energy production of the system. The expected annual energy production is based on the electrical efficiency (discussed previously in Table A-6) and the capacity factor. The capacity factor used for this model is 91% based on a study by Chevron Energy Solutions at a San Ramon facility operating a UTC 400.17 Also note that these costs do not include the expected salary for a facilities engineer who would monitor the facility‘s day-to-day operations. Table A-11: Estimated Fuel Cell O&M Costs Residential $0.022/kWh Non-Residential $0.03/kWh 15 Note that this represents only the system; an additional cost of $144/kW must be added to take into account waste heat recovery. 16 This O&M cost includes replacement of the stack at close to five-year intervals. 17 Climate Change Fuel Cell Program, ChevronTexaco Fuel Cell Project Final Report, September 2004. Fuel Cell System Levelized O&M Cost Itron, Inc. Appendix A-22 DG TechnologiesPDF Image | Cost-Effectiveness of Distributed Generation Technologies
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