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Cost-Effectiveness of Distributed Generation Technologies A.3 Small Gas Turbines (<5MW) A.3.1 Technology Summary Gas turbines operate on the principle of the Brayton Cycle, a thermodynamic cycle where atmospheric air is compressed, heated, and expanded. Figure A-15 shows the basic configuration and components of a gas turbine system. The power produced by the expansion of the air in the turbine and consumed by the compressor is proportional to the absolute temperature of the gas passing through the device. A higher pressure and temperature ratio will result in a higher efficiency and specific power. Figure A-15: Simple Schematic of a Gas Turbine System Source: US EPA, "Technology Characterization: Gas Turbines," Catalog of CHP Technologies, 2008. Sizes can range anywhere from 500 kW to 250 MW systems. However, for the purposes of this study, we focused on gas turbines smaller than 5 MW. These smaller DG gas turbine systems can be used in power-only generation, or in combined heat and power (CHP) applications. Exhaust output of small gas turbines range from 800 °F to 1100 °F. Because of the high thermal output, the exhaust can be used directly for many uses, including production of steam or hot water; in absorption cooling, or additional power generation (i.e., through a bottoming cycle). Gas turbines can run on natural gas, synthetic gas, landfill gas or fuel oils, and have a typical time to overhaul ranging from 25,000 to 50,000 hours. Itron, Inc. Appendix A-26 DG TechnologiesPDF Image | Cost-Effectiveness of Distributed Generation Technologies
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