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Cost-Effectiveness of Distributed Generation Technologies Ramp Rates and Generator Profiles The Consortium for Electric Reliability Technology Solutions (CERTIS) has studied the behavior of microturbines during load changes. At higher load settings, step changes were accomplished at a rate of 1.2 to 3.6 seconds per kW whereas at lower load settings, step changes were accomplished at a rate of 4.4 to 7.6 seconds per kW. CERTIS concluded that for Capstone units, the transition time during power increase and decrease were munch faster when the microturbine power output was above 10 kW. Capacity Factor Capacity factor compares the plant's actual production over a given period of time with the amount of power the plant would have produced if it had run at full capacity for the same amount of time). From the handbook of microturbine generators, a typical capacity factor for a microturbine is around 20 to 60%. From SGIP metered data taken between 2006 and 2008, the average annual capacity factor for microturbines was found to be approximately 45%. A.5.4 Current Technology Capital Costs The total capital costs for microturbines can be broken down into the equipment cost and other costs required for installing the system. Historical data of basic equipment cost was obtained from Form-10K of Capstone Turbine Corporation‘s financial reports. Basic equipment cost includes the cost of turbogenerator package, heat recovery equipment and gas booster compressor. Table A-36 lists the basic equipment cost of microturbine per kW. Table A-36: Levelized Microturbine Equipment Costs Dollars per kW 968 968 950 846 Source: Capstone Turbine Financial Reports. http://phx.corporate-ir.net/phoenix.zhtml?c=120708&p=irol-reportsannual * Note: the cost per kW for 2010 was obtained from the estimates in the 2009 financial report. The other costs include labor, material, piping, engineering and project management costs. These costs are often referred to as soft costs because they vary widely with the installation and are site-specific. These costs are discussed in the following sections. 2007 2008 2009 2010* Itron, Inc. Appendix A-59 DG TechnologiesPDF Image | Cost-Effectiveness of Distributed Generation Technologies
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