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Assessment of the Costs of Geothermal Power Generation in New Zealand capacities of 50 and 150 kg.s-1 are assumed to be the average including both successful and unsuccessful wells. 6.8.2 Climatic Factors New Zealand’s mild climate is reasonably favourable for: obtaining low cooling water temperatures and, hence, high vacuum in the turbine condenser for condensing steam plant, and good night time and winter time cooling for ORC power plant but with less efficient summer time cooling. Given that all new significant geothermal projects, except an expansion at Ngawha, will be in the Taupo Volcanic Zone, site-specific climatic factors will not vary significantly. 6.8.3 Site Specific Factors (Terrain and Access) Most of New Zealand’s geothermal fields are in relatively subdued volcanic terrain, thus they do not require extraordinary effort and expense to build access roads, and undertake extensive ground levelling and earthworks. 6.8.4 Plant Capacity Factor Electricity delivered at the grid connection point is determined by: Plant net capacity – gross capacity less internal power consumption Scheduled outages, and Unscheduled outages. Gross capacity is affected by plant degradation (e.g. due to scale build-up or turbine blade erosion). Some of this degradation is recoverable and some is unrecoverable. Scheduled outages are normally related to maintenance. Geothermal power plants are generally reliable once early experience is gained specific to the resource, steamfield and power plant configuration. For the purpose of this study the following assumptions have been made and are used in the financial model to determine the electricity stream delivered at the grid connection point: 1. Internal power consumption 6% of gross capacity for Single and Double Flash 8% of gross capacity for Hybrid Sinclair Knight Merz SKM Cost of Geothermal Power Report (2007 Cost Basis)R1.doc PAGE 36 12% of gross capacity for ORCPDF Image | Current Costs of Geothermal Power Generation in New Zealand
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