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ENERGY POLICY ASSESMENT OF THE ENERGY SECTOR IN BELIZE

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ENERGY POLICY ASSESMENT OF THE ENERGY SECTOR IN BELIZE ( energy-policy-assesment-ofenergy-sector-in-belize )

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2.4.1.3 Geothermal energy Belize has a very low potential for geothermal resources. However, neighboring countries such as Honduras, Guatemala and El Salvador have great geothermal potentials, which they could export in the form of electricity to Belize. The government of Belize should explore agreements with those countries with the aim of gaining access to cheaper, clean electricity. 2.5 The Transport sub-sector The transport sector is an important category of policy and regulation to be considered in the development of a national energy policy. All of the fuel consumed by the transport sector is imported. Further, Belize consumed about 7,000 barrels of oil derived products per day in 2009. That same year, about 30% of imported petroleum derivates were consumed by this sector. This sums to a total of about 2,100 barrels per day. Belize has not enacted policies or passed laws on renewable energy, agro-energy or biofuels for transport. Tax benefits for ultra efficient car imports are not contemplated either. The government is aware of the need for new policy and legislation in this field, and has some basic guidelines governing these types of investments. These guidelines include environmental impact assessment requirements and requesting adequate compensation for alleviating poverty and promoting rural development, but there is no existence of clear compliance mandates. Belize has one of the lowest population densities in the world and its areas of production are scattered throughout the country. Therefore, adequate transportation is crucial to the development of the country’s production and export sector. The existence of a proper road infrastructure is one component for improving the access from rural to urban activities and vice versa. At the same time, infrastructure provision is inherently a challenge given the low population density and high per unit costs. The public uses mainly taxis and minivans as their mean of transport. Many of these vehicles are secondhand. From 2001 to 2007, imports of new and used vehicles increased by 51%. Although this results in a higher number of licensed vehicles on the road, the volume of imported gasoline remains relatively stable. This is in part due to the increased use of butane for public transportation. According to the Ministry of Transport, a significant number of buses running on butane (of which a large number is not registered) have been imported mainly for public and private transport within Belize’s borders only. Neither the Department of Transport nor the Statistical Institute of Belize has data on the number of licensed vehicles that run on butane and diesel. Table 5 shows the number of vehicles licensed from 1995 to 2007. The data shows a rapid growth of the transport from 2001 to 2007. In this period, the automobile purchases increased 34% whereas motorcycle purchases grew 198%. 22

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