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Metal hydride systems are expensive due to high material costs and expensive fast reaction beds. The commercial success of such systems in comparison with liquid sorption systems and competing dry sorption systems is not certain (Muthukumar and Groll, 2010). The heat-driven hydride slurry heat pump (HHSHP) has good heat transfer and relatively fast absorption rates when highly agitated. The HHSHP requires inert liquids that suspend the metal hydride powder and form a hydrogen-liquid hydride slurry (HLHS) with a continuous operation. The heat exchange between the slurry streams can achieve a high performance of the system. However, the inert liquids bring an additional mass transfer resistance into the system (Kim et al, 1997), the absorption resistance. In general, the absorption resistance is related to the properties of the liquid, the flow conditions and the geometry. For desorption, since the inert liquids are always saturated with the hydrogen evolved from the metal hydrides, hydrogen gas bypasses the inert liquids via bubbles formed on the surface of the suspended metal hydrides. A limiting mass transfer resistance should be associated with metal hydrides not with inert liquids (McCabe et al, 1985; Snijder et al, 1993). The desired characteristics of inert liquid for slurry (Kim et al, 1997) can be summarised as follows: • Large mass diffusivity of hydrogen; • Large thermal conductivity; • Small density; • Small viscosity; • No chemical reactivity with hydrogen; • No or very little chemical reactivity with corrosion additives; • Very small vapour pressure; • Small specific heat; • Cheap; and • Negligible toxicity. Metal hydride particles can be uniformly dispersed in a liquid when thoroughly mixed. These small particles, however, tend to stick to each other and become larger aggregates. As their size increases, the aggregate will settle out and accumulate. A small amount of a non-ionic surfactant (<0.01 wt%) can be added to the slurry in order to stabilise the suspension to reduce the aggregation, eliminating sedimentation. The pumping problems associated with slurry flows include wear and erosion of the slurry pump and start-up problems with the slurry where the metal hydride particles have settled out and accumulated in low areas. The centrifugal pump is appropriate for absorption because of the loose fit between the impeller and the pump wall. However, questions still remain with respect to pump life due to wear and erosion (Botsaris and Glazman, 1989). 40PDF Image | EPSRC Thermal Management of Industrial Processes
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