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Chapter K, Southeast Fossil Fuel and Geothermal Energy Sources for Local Use in Alaska Figure K3. Location map of the central part of the Southeast Energy Region, showing selected geographic references noted in the text. Yellow shaded areas are inferred to be underlain by coal-bearing rocks; pick-axe symbols indicate locations of historic coal mines; black dots show locations of additional reported coal occurrences. Southeast the present-day coast of British Columbia, 1,100 to 1,800 kilometers south of its current position (Risley and others, 1992). Since then, plate tectonic processes have transported the Yakutat terrane north along the western edge of North America, resulting in collisional deformation and mountain building in southern Alaska that continues into modern times. The narrow coastal plain of the Southeast Energy Region has been tested by 23 onshore oil and gas exploration wells drilled between 1927 and 1963. The onshore belt explored by drilling stretches from the Kaliakh River in the Yakataga district on the northwest to the mouth of the Alsek River southeast of Yakutat. Thirteen more wells were drilled in nearby OCS waters between 1975 and 1983. The basin does not currently support commercial oil or gas production, but the Katalla oil field (in the adjacent Copper River/ Chugach Energy Region) was the site of shallow, small-scale commercial oil production from 1902 to 1932. Source rocks. Natural oil and gas seeps are prevalent in Cenozoic outcrops along the northern margin of the Yakutat terrane, constituting conclusive proof of effective source rocks on the onshore edge of the Gulf of Alaska basin. Literally dozens of seepages have been reported in strata now assigned to the Poul Creek Formation, spanning distances of approximately 25 miles in the Katalla district and some 18 miles along the length of the Sullivan anticline in the Yakataga district (Martin, 1921; Miller, 1951a, 1951b, 1957, 1975; Risley and others, 1992). Many more seeps have been mapped in the slightly older Kulthieth Formation in the Samovar Hills adjacent to the Malaspina Glacier. Shales of the Poul Creek Formation and some coals of the Kulthieth Formation have been shown to be source rocks for both oil and gas (Risley and others, 1992; Magoon 1994; Larson and Martin, 1998; Van Kooten and others, 2002), and most of the seeps are interpreted to have been sourced directly from the formations in which they occur. Thermal maturity increases toward the northwest in the Yakutat terrane and these source rocks are interpreted to be marginally mature to mature for generation of oil and gas in much of the onshore part of the basin (Barnes, 1967; Bruns, 1982, 1983; Mull and Nelson, 1986; Bujak Davies Group, 1989a, 1989b, 1989c, 1989d; Magoon, 1994). The southeastern portion of the basin near Yakutat is devoid of seeps. The Poul Creek Formation appears Page 116PDF Image | FOSSIL FUEL AND GEOTHERMAL ENERGY SOURCES FOR LOCAL USE
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