FOSSIL FUEL AND GEOTHERMAL ENERGY SOURCES FOR LOCAL USE

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FOSSIL FUEL AND GEOTHERMAL ENERGY SOURCES FOR LOCAL USE ( fossil-fuel-and-geothermal-energy-sources-for-local-use )

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Fossil Fuel and Geothermal Energy Sources for Local Use in Alaska Chapter L, Yukon–Koyukuk/Upper Tanana absence of nearby communities may make this work difficult to justify (Sleetmute is more than 80 miles to the southwest and McGrath is over 55 miles to the northwest). Discontinuous exposures of coal-bearing rocks have been reported along a several-mile-long stretch of the Cheeneetnuk River, including one exposure with a 6-foot- thick seam of bright, brittle coal that appeared to be of bituminous rank (Barnes, 1967, p. B21). Gilbert (1981) mapped these exposures (McGrath A-5 and Lime Hills D-7 quadrangles), and noted that friable coal beds 1.6 feet to 16.5 feet thick occur in three places. Solie and Dickey (1982) present coal-quality data for samples collected by Gilbert from two of these locations (see their figure 5), including a 13- to 20-inch-thick bed and a bed of unknown thickness. They reported bed dips of up to 75 degrees, that coal rank ranged from subbituminous-B to high-volatile C bituminous, ash content is low to moderate, and sulfur content is high to very high (1.95 to 8.19 total sulfur on a moisture and ash free basis). The high sulfur content might reflect incorporation of interbedded iron-rich mudstone in the coal samples. LePain and others (2003) visited this area in 2000 and found low, overgrown exposures of mudstone along the north bank of the river, including coal float (small fragments), but were unable to locate exposures of coal. Available information suggests that coal seams in this area are of limited lateral extent and thickness. Additional detailed geologic mapping and targeted shallow exploration (trenching and/or shallow drilling) would provide more detailed information, but the absence of nearby communities makes additional work hard to justify (Sleetmute is over 50 miles to the southwest and McGrath more than 60 miles to the north). Rampart Field. Collier (1903a, 1903b) provided the first relatively detailed description of coal deposits in the Rampart area. Occurrences of Cenozoic-age coal extend from the west bank of the Yukon River (Drew Mine), across from the mouth of Hess Creek, upstream from the village of Rampart, nearly to the village of Tanana, located downstream from Rampart (figs. L2 and L3). None of these occurrences included coal of sufficient thickness and quality at the surface to have warranted development. Coal in this area occupies a narrow, fault-bounded basin along the Kaltag fault zone, southwest of the Yukon Flats basin (sheet 2). Coal at the Drew Mine location warrants further discussion. Drew Mine is on the west bank of the Yukon River, several miles upstream from the village of Rampart, and is bounded by water on three sides in a prominent river bend (fig. L3). The description that follows is taken from Collier (1903a, 1903b) and Barnes (1967). The mine was opened in a 19-foot-thick coaly section that included a total of only 3 feet of coal distributed in two benches. Approximately 1,000 tons of coal was mined prior to 1902 for use in river steamers. Coal at this location is bituminous and ash content is relatively high (18 percent; Barnes, 1967). The section in this area is reported to include six other coal beds that all dip steeply toward the southeast. The two benches exploited by the mine are thought to comprise the sixth seam up from the bottom of a coal-bearing section less than 1,000 feet thick. A test pit dug below the mined seam encountered the next seam down-section and exposed 4 to 7 feet of crushed coal. The strike extent of these seams is probably limited to a 4-square-mile area bounded by the bend in the Yukon River. The information presented here suggests that coal deposits Figure L3. Map of the north-central part of the Yukon–Koyukuk/Upper Tanana Energy Region, showing reported coal oc- currences (black dots) and the location of historic coal mining (pick-axe symbol). Page 127 Yukon–Koyukuk/Upper Tanana

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