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Chapter L, Yukon–Koyukuk/Upper Tanana Fossil Fuel and Geothermal Energy Sources for Local Use in Alaska at Drew Mine are marginal in volume and quality. However, detailed geologic mapping in the vicinity of the old mine might be warranted. Based on the outcome of this mapping, a decision could be made on whether or not to pursue drilling to further delineate the coal deposits in the area. Scattered occurrences of coal are known along the south bank of the Yukon River, extending a mile or two above and below the village of Rampart (Collier, 1903a). Coal at these locations is thin and of poor quality. An occurrence of lignite at a location known as the Palisades, downstream from the village of Tanana, appears to be a Pleistocene-age peat based on associated fossil-bearing strata. None of these occurrences warrant additional study owing to poor coal quality and limited seam thickness and lateral extent. Lower Koyukuk basin: Nulato–Galena–Ruby Region. Collier (1903b), Chapman (1963), and Barnes (1967) describe numerous coal occurrences along the west bank of the Yukon River between Nulato and Ruby (sheet 1; figs. L2 and L4). These coals are Cretaceous in age and part of the sedimentary fill of the Yukon–Koyukuk basin (Patton and others, 1994) that Merritt and Hawley (1986) call the Yukon– Koyukuk coal province. Merritt and Hawley (1986) further subdivide this province into the Lower Koyukuk basin, the Upper Koyukuk basin (fig. L2), and the Tertiary-age Yukon basin. Most coals in the upper and lower Koyukuk basin are bituminous in rank, are steeply dipping, and less than 3 feet thick. Thicker seams have been reported in the region, but are very poorly described and more recent field studies in the 1980s and 1990s have not found any of the earlier reported thick seams of coal. Coal was mined in limited quantities in the late 19th and early 20th century at a number of localities along the west bank of the Yukon for use at telegraph stations and in river steamers, especially in the Nulato Field. Plangraphics (1983) summarizes several localities near Nulato that served the early steamships (fig. L4). The Blatchford Mine, about 9 miles below Nulato, was worked in the early 1900s and perhaps about 300 tons of coal was mined. The Bush Mine is about 4 miles downriver from Nulato where a 40 foot tunnel was present in 1903 but the degree of mining at that site is unknown (Collier, 1903a or b?). The Pickart Mine, situated about 10 miles upstream from Nulato, is one of the oldest mines in Alaska, originally mined by the Pickart brothers in 1898. The mine has a 600 foot drift tunnel excavated at the river bank. Chapman (1963) could find no evidence of the mine by 1944. None of these locations suggest the existence of coal of sufficient quality and thickness to warrant further development. Coal-bearing rocks are mapped along the banks of the Yukon River at Hartnet Island, approximately 12 miles east of Galena (Cass, 1959). Here, there are exposed a 1-foot-thick coal bed and a 9-foot-thick coal bed that have an apparent rank of Subbituminous A. Stephenson and others (2002) indicate that the 9 foot coal seam dips steeply about 70° to the southeast, away from the city of Galena. A shallow seismic reflection/refraction reconnaissance investigation at the city of Galena suggests that potential coal-bearing bedrock is at least as deep as 550 feet in the immediate vicinity of town and this bedrock could be deeper than 1,000 feet under alternate interpretations (Stephenson and others, 2002). Many 1:250,000-scale geologic maps covering various quadrangles north and south of the Yukon River show Cretaceous-age nonmarine strata that include some thin coal beds (Bickel and Patton, 1957; Chapman and others, 1982; Patton and others, 1980; Patton and others, 1966). The geology of the region is complex and details regarding the Yukon–Koyukuk/Upper Tanana Figure L4. Map of the northwestern part of the Yukon–Koyukuk/Upper Tanana Energy Region (lower Koyukuk basin). Black dots indicate reported coal occurrences; pick-axe symbols show locations of historic coal mines. Page 128PDF Image | FOSSIL FUEL AND GEOTHERMAL ENERGY SOURCES FOR LOCAL USE
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