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GEOTHERmAl ENERGy Geochemistry long term effects caused by temperature changes in the reservoir may reduce the flow and the energy efficiency of a geothermal system. Predicting long term effects and taking preventative measures can overcome future unexpected efficiency reductions. TNO is performing research in geochemical effects as result of temperature changes in a reservoir due to heat extraction for geothermal purposes. Deep subsurface reservoir rock contains hot brine, which can be pumped to the surface and exploited as geothermal heat. The reservoir brine is initially in equilibrium with the rock forming minerals. Accordingly, a small amount of these minerals are dissolved in the brine. During brine production and injection the pressure and temperature conditions change, causing a disturbance of the chemical equilibrium. The equilibrium is restored by chemical reactions that involve the precipitation of dissolved elements in the brine forming mineral scales. Chemical reactions in the reservoir may also lead to dissolution of minerals. mineral precipitation in the wells and surface facilities such as pumps, heat exchangers or filters may cause clogging which reduces flow and energy efficiency. mineral precipitation in the reservoir is important to consider since newly formed minerals can clog pores and flow paths through the reservoir. A permeability decrease results in lower injection and production rates leading to reduced generation of energy. Grains Mineral precipitate Pore water Geochemistry is required to study the implications on the efficiency and feasibility of a geothermal doublet. TNO performs feasibility studies to investigate the chemical reactions that affect the flow of water through a geothermal doublet and within the reservoir. mineral precipitation is computed with changing temperature and pressure conditions using geochemical models. Reactive transport modelling of chemistry and water flow in the reservoir predicts local chemical reactions with time and distance in the reservoir. These studies improve our understanding of geochemical processes concerned with water production and injection and help find a solution for possible upcoming problems in the field of geothermal energy. 6PDF Image | Geothermal Energy
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