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efficiency and the overall thermodynamic behavior of the system as well. Srinivas et al. (2007) analyzed the effect of ̳n‘ feedwater heaters on the performance of a steam power cycle with a generalized mathematical formulation. According to their findings, maximum efficiency is obtained with the first feedwater heater and the extent of the increment with second and next feedwater heaters is not as large as with the first. 2.5.4 Innovative absorption power cycles Absorption power cycles use mixtures as working fluids instead of pure or single components fluids. The advantage of mixtures over pure fluids is the temperature increase during the isobaric heat exchange taking place in the evaporator that leads to a good matching of the streams and better operation of the heat exchangers. As example, taking a binary mixture of water and ammonia, the temperature glide with a mass fraction of 0.7 and a pressure of 2.5 MPa is 94 oC (Galanis et al., 2009). First power cycle operating on this scheme was proposed by Robertson and Maloney in 1953. However, the cycle proposed didn‘t give satisfaction as the performance was below that of the Rankine cycle. Thus, it was abandoned for almost three decades. In the 1980s the investigations resumed and several water/ammonia power systems with performance superior to that of the pure fluid Rankine cycle system were devised. Operation and state-of-the-art of these innovative Rankine power cycles will be summarized in this section. 2.5.4.1 Maloney and Robertson cycle 6 14 5 9 4 3 2 Pump 10 13 7 Turbine 8 Flash tank Superheater 15 Heater & boiler Recuperator 16 17 Absorber-condenser 1 12 Valve Figure 2.16 – Schematic representation of the Maloney and Robertson cycle (Ibrahim & Klein, 1996) 11 Page | 50PDF Image | Low-Grade Heat Conversion into Power Using Small Scale Organic Rankine Cycles
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