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2.18. A prototype was later constructed and tested (Uehara et al., 1997). The Uehara cycle uses a mixture of ammonia and water as the working fluid. The processes taking place in the Uehara cycle are described as follows. First, the warm surface seawater flowing in the evaporator heats up the working fluid mixture. The working fluid then turns into a mixed vapor of ammonia and water and moves into the separator where it is separated into ammonia/water and vapor of ammonia/water. The mixed vapor turns the first turbine. Part of the mixed vapour is extracted by the heater and the rest is directed to the second turbine. In the meantime, water-ammonia separated in the separator passes through the regenerator and then into the absorber via a diffuser. The mixed vapour from the second turbine is absorbed with ammonia/water in the absorber. Some of the mixed vapour which cannot be absorbed with ammonia water is cooled and condensed by the cold seawater and turns into liquid. The working fluid pumps take this fluid into the heater, the regenerator and then to the evaporator, thus the cycle is repeated. With 28 oC warm seawater and 6 oC cold seawater, Uehara cycle yields 5.4% thermal efficiency, that is 10% higher than that of the Kalina cycle and 30% larger than that of Rankine cycle operating with ammonia (Uehara et al., 1994). Warm seawater P Separator 6 Turbine 1 14 11 Heater Turbine 2 10 5 Evaporator 4 Regenerator 3 7 P 15 8 Absorber 91 Condenser P2P 13 12 Diffuser After-condenser Mixing unit Figure 2.18 – Schematic representation of the Uehara cycle (Source: Uehara, 1997) 2.5.4.4 Combined power/cooling cycle The combined power/cooling cycle was invented by Goswami and his colleagues in 1995 (Xu et al., 2000). It combines two thermodynamic cycles, the Rankine cycle and the ammonia-absorption refrigeration cycle. A schematic of the Goswami cycle is shown in Figure 2.19. The ammonia/water mixture used as working fluid undergoes a certain number of processes. A strong mixture of ammonia/water leaves the absorber at saturated Mixing unit Cold seawater Page | 53PDF Image | Low-Grade Heat Conversion into Power Using Small Scale Organic Rankine Cycles
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