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coefficient of performance of the combined Rankine/air conditioning system is 0.71. The system thermal ratio or solar COP is 0.21, considering solar collector efficiency of 30%. 68 oC 52 oC 35 oC Figure 3.14 – Solar heated Rankine combined power/air conditioning system (Prigmore and Barber, 1975) In the 1970s, Duplex-Rankine systems were considered for further competition with absorption but it was later abandoned. In such system, the prediction of component performance at off-design conditions and the matching of components into a complete system so that the overall performance is optimized are not easy. An adequate control strategy is needed to ensure matching of the Rankine cycle and air conditioner (Mannaa et al. 1984). Moreover, substances used as working fluids are harmful for the environment. A system-cost comparison carried by Kim and Ferreira (2008) shows that duplex-Rankine with 2300 €/kWcool is cheaper compared with other thermo-mechanical systems but two to three-fold expensive in comparison to sorption options. For the abovementioned reasons, sorption systems utilizing environmentally friendly working media are preferred today. A new path being explored is the combination of Rankine and ejector/absorption cycles for simultaneous production of cooling and power. A combined power/cooling cycle that combines Rankine and absorption refrigeration cycles and uses ammonia-water mixture as working fluid was proposed by Goswami (Xu et al., 2000). Wang et al. (2009) proposed and performed thermodynamic analysis of a new combined cooling, heating and power (CCHP) system which combines Rankine and ejector refrigeration cycles. In their system, vapor extracted from the turbine supplies the ejector and the heat users. Another combined Rankine/ejector system was designed, built and tested by Oliveira et al. (2002). As shown on Figure 3.15, the ejector is mounted in parallel with the expander. Two Start/stop valve, 93 oC 102 oC Solar collectors 96 oC Motor generator 220 V, 1.1 kW 27 oC 13 oC Cooling water Thermal expansion valve Cooling water Pump Page | 72PDF Image | Low-Grade Heat Conversion into Power Using Small Scale Organic Rankine Cycles
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