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prototypes were tested in Porto, Portugal and Loughborough, UK. The nominal cooling capacity was 2 kW for one and 5 kW for the other. The 1.5 kW turbo-generator used in both sites had an isentropic efficiency of 28%. The overall COP obtained was about 0.3 and the electrical efficiency between 3-4% for a boiler temperature of 95 oC and ambient temperature around 20 oC. The projected initial cost of such system was roughly € 8500 (cost of the collector loop not included). Turbine Ejector Boiler Pump Expansion valve Figure 3.15 - The combined ejector/Rankine cycle (Oliveira et al., 2002) 3.2.5 Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion Systems The Earth‘s oceans cover over 70% of the planet and could be utilized as a source of virtually inexhaustible renewable energy. Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) by the way it employs natural thermal stratification occurring in oceans is being proposed to harness this huge amount of untapped energy; it converts solar radiation stored in the upper ocean water layers into electric power. Vertical ocean seawater temperature distribution has been measured in many regions around the world; and surface seawater at less than 50 m from sea level is warm at 20-29 oC while at a depth of about 800 m or more the temperature is about 2-7 oC. To be effective, the minimum temperature difference between the ocean surface layers should be about 20 oC. These temperature gradients are found in tropical regions near the Equator. Figure 3.16 shows most suitable areas. Evaporator Condenser Page | 73PDF Image | Low-Grade Heat Conversion into Power Using Small Scale Organic Rankine Cycles
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