PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 090
desirable. Chemical decomposition of the fluid not only reduces the plant efficiency and makes the replacement of the fluid necessary but can produce non-condensable gases which have corrosive effects on the materials of the system. In order to study the fluids decomposition, two methods are available: the dynamic loop tests and the static capsule tests. In Table 4.4 are displayed the maximum stability temperature of some fluids. Fluid R227ea R23 R236fa R143a R245fa R134a R141b R13I1 R7146 R125 MST (oC) 425 400 400 350 300 368 90 102 204 396 Material Stainless steel (AISI 316) Stainless steel (AISI 316) Stainless steel (AISI 316) Stainless steel (AISI 316) Stainless steel (AISI 316) Stainless steel Stainless steel Stainless steel Stainless steel Stainless steel # References Angelino and Invernizzi (2003) # # # # Calderazzi and Colonna di Paliano (1997) # # # # Stine and Geyer (2001) Table 4.4: Maximum stability temperature (MST) of some fluids Methanol 175-230 Toluene 400-425 R113 175-230 Safety properties ## ## The ASHRAE 34 safety classification that applies for refrigerants can be used. This classification is based on two key parameters: the toxicity and the flammability. Toxicity can be identified by some numbers such as TLV (Threshold Limit Value). Flammability is generally identified by the LFL (Lower flammability limit) and the HOC (Heat of Combustion). The ASHRAE standard 34 is made of two classes of toxicity (A: refrigerants for which toxicity has not been identified at concentrations less than or equal to 400 ppm and B: refrigerants for which there is evidence of toxicity at concentrations below 400 ppm) and three groups of flammability characteristics (1: refrigerants that do not show flame propagation when tested in air at 21 oC and 101 kPa, 2: refrigerants having a LFL> 0.10 kg/m3 at 21 oC and 101 kPa and a HOC< 19 kJ/kg and 3: refrigerants that are highly flammable as defined by a LFL≤ 0.10 kg/m3 at 21 oC and 101 kPa or a HOC≥ 19 kJ/kg). The matrix shown in Table 4.5 was adopted for an easy identification of the safety level of any substance. From this classification, the most desirable class is A1. In addition to the aforementioned desirable safety properties, the working fluid should be non-explosive and non-radio-active. Table 4.5 - ASHRAE 34 Refrigerant Safety Classification Higher flammability Lower flammability No flame propagation Lower toxicity A3 A2 A1 Higher toxicity B3 B2 B1 Page | 89PDF Image | Low-Grade Heat Conversion into Power Using Small Scale Organic Rankine Cycles
PDF Search Title:
Low-Grade Heat Conversion into Power Using Small Scale Organic Rankine CyclesOriginal File Name Searched:
Tchanche_B.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
| CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com | RSS | AMP |