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4.3.2 Methodology Most of authors while selecting a working fluid for an organic Rankine cycle, consider the cycle thermal efficiency as the most determinant parameter. This is not for sure the most appropriate way. Many other parameters should be taken into consideration. A very efficient plant can be bulky, expansive and not safer neither for the operator nor for the environment. On the other hand, it is not easy to find an ideal fluid that fulfils all the desired criteria mentioned in the previous section (4.3.1). Since, the ideal working fluid does not exist a compromise should be found among the desired criteria. A general methodology is proposed here. It comprises three main steps: Step 1: Data collection, Step 2: Data analysis and Step 3: Decision. At the first step, the operating conditions are set and various data (thermophysical, safety, environmental and calculated properties) concerning different fluid candidates collected. The data are then analyzed at the second step. At this phase, the criteria are classified starting by the most critical ones and the process is done sequentially. At each sub-step, all the fluids screened using the criterion and before going to the next criterion, the fluids are put in two groups: those which fulfill the criteria and those which do not. At the last step, the best fluid should come out followed by some alternatives. All the criteria should be taken into consideration. Usually, it is not easy to make up the decision, and some authors propose to combine several criteria into one that could be used as an ―objective criterion‖ (Madhawa et al., 2007; Mikielewicz and Mikielewicz, 2010, Papadopoulos et al., 2010). Steps are illustrated on Figure 4.1. Step 1 DATA COLLECTION Cycle operating conditions Thermophysical propertiesofthefluids Safety properties of the fluids Environmental properties of the fluids Cycle calculated output parameters Step 2 DATA ANALYSIS Cycle operating conditions analysis Cycleperformanceanalysis Cycle cost analysis Fluids thermal stability and compatibility analysis Fluids safety data analysis Fluids environmental impact comparison Fluids cost and availability comparison Step 3 DECISION Classification: Fluid 1, Fluid 2, Fluid 3 Figure 4.1 - General selection procedure Page | 91PDF Image | Low-Grade Heat Conversion into Power Using Small Scale Organic Rankine Cycles
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