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4.4.2 Results and discussion The results displayed in Table 4.8 were obtained for a 2 kW organic Rankine cycle system. 4.4.2.1 Cycle pressure According to Badr et al. (1985) and Maizza and Maizza (1996), good pressure values are in the range 0.1-2.5 MPa and a pressure ratio of about 3.5 is reasonable. From Table 4.8, the following observations can be made concerning the pressure in the condenser and the upper heat exchangers. R113, cyclohexane, methanol, water and ethanol present low condenser pressures. R407C, R32 and R717 have higher pressures above 3 MPa in the evaporator. Methanol, water, ethanol, cyclohexane and R113 have higher pressure ratio. Ethanol and water have low evaporating pressure. Isentropic fluids present pressure values that fall in the range prescribed by the above cited authors, and therefore are good fluids from a pressure point of view. Other fluids with good condensing and evaporating pressures are RC318, R600a, R600, R114, R601, R500 and R152a. 4.4.2.2 Turbine outlet volume flow rate The turbine outlet volume flow rate determines its size and the system cost. Results of calculations in Table 4.8 let see that n-Pentane, R113, cyclohexane, water, ethanol, methanol, R123 and R141b exhibit high volume flow rates. Fluids with low volume flow rate are preferable for economic reasons. Among these are: R32, Ammonia, R407C, R290, R500, R134a and R152a. From Figure 4.5, it is seen that in general, the volume flow rate decreases with an increment of temperature. A prediction for fluids not suitable in the range of temperature considered here to be at higher temperature can be raised. 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 Turbine Inlet Temperature [°C] Figure 4.5 - Turbine outlet volume flow rate versus turbine inlet temperature for various working fluids at Tc=35 °C. R32 R407C RC318 R134a R290 R717 R152a R600 Page | 96 Turbine Outlet Volume Flow Rate [m3/h]PDF Image | Low-Grade Heat Conversion into Power Using Small Scale Organic Rankine Cycles
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