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(mj )out= (mk )in . . jk .... Q-W= (mjhj)out- (mkhk)in jk (5.10) (5.11) In organic Rankine cycles, dry fluids offer several advantages over wet fluids; wet fluids are less efficient and present a risk of droplets in the turbine which could damage the blades. In case a dry fluid is chosen as working fluid, a regenerator can be used to transfer the heat contained in the vapor after expansion to the compressed stream entering the boiler. The effectiveness of this regenerative heat exchanger is defined as the ratio of the actual temperature change of the liquid stream to the maximum possible temperature change. From Figure 5.2, the regenerator effectiveness (ε) can be expressed as (Stine and Geyer, 2001): T -T ε=6 5 (5.12) T -T 25 Similarly to steam power plants, the efficiency of organic power cycles could be increased by the incorporation of feedliquid heaters. In case a feedliquid heater is included to the engine as in Figure 5.4, the temperature of the feedliquid after heating can be given as T =T -TTD (5.13) 93 TTD is the terminal temperature difference i.e. the temperature difference of the outlets‘ streams of the feedliquid heater. Third block: Determination of exergy losses, degree of thermodynamic perfection, exergy efficiency and coefficient of influence. Table 5.1 - Exergy rates associated with different components (Bejan et al., 1996) Devices Exergy, in ( Ein ) Exergy, out (Eout ) Used exergy (Eu ) Available exergy (Ea) Heat exchanger Mixing unit E2 +E1 Pump E3 +E1 Turbine Hot stream, E3 E2 Hot stream E2 Cold E2 E1 E3 Schematic stream, Cold E3 E1 stream E3 E4 E4 E1 E1 E2 E3 +E1 E2 +E4 E1 E2 +E3 +E4 E3 E2-E1 E3 E2-E1 E4 E3-E4 E2+E1 E3 E1-E2-E3 E2 Page | 116PDF Image | Low-Grade Heat Conversion into Power Using Small Scale Organic Rankine Cycles
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