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6.6. Fluids performance comparison Main results of tests conducted on small scale ORCs in heat recovery application at the Thermodynamics Laboratory, Liege since 2007 (Quoilin, 2007; Declaye, 2009) are displayed in Table 6.8. The highest expander efficiency (70.6%) was recorded for R245fa for which the shaft power of 2164 W is the maximum recorded. The thermal and exergetic efficiency are better for R123 than for others. Of all fluids, HFE7000 is the one allowing the highest pressure ratio of about 10. Table 6.8 - Main results obtained for different fluids 2007 Fluid R123 2009 2010 R245fa HFE-7000 70.6 65.75 2164 1371 7.1 5.45 19.8 12.96 7.6 9.9 23.9 17.69 Expander efficiency (%) Expander shaft power (W) ORC thermal efficiency (%) ORC Exergetic efficiency (%) Pressure ratio (-) Evaporator power (W) 68 1820 7.4 22.8 5.4 22.5 However, the performances of the ORC were obtained for different fluids at different conditions. Particularly the amount of heat recovered and the quality of the heat resource and heat sink were not the same. For proper comparison, the global efficiency which takes into account the heat recoverable and the power output obtained will be used. Figure 6.30 provides a meaningful picture for fluid performance comparison. First remark is the increase of the cycle global efficiency with evaporator pressure. Secondly, all fluids follow the same trendline, what means that in similar conditions all fluids could yield very close outputs. However, this is valid within certain range of values of the evaporator pressure because these fluids do not have same thermodynamic properties (see Table 6.1). Slight advantage goes to R245fa for which the highest efficiency was obtained at a pressure value of about 13 bar. Figure 6.30 - Cycle performance comparison with different fluids Page | 162PDF Image | Low-Grade Heat Conversion into Power Using Small Scale Organic Rankine Cycles
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